Back تسونامي مضيق سوندا 2018 Arabic 2018-ci il Sunda Boğazı sunamisi Azerbaijani Цунамі ў Зондскім праліве (2018) Byelorussian Tsunami v Sundském průlivu 2018 Czech Tsunami auf Java und Sumatra 2018 German Τσουνάμι στο στενό Σούντα (2018) Greek Tsunami del estrecho de la Sonda de 2018 Spanish سونامی ۲۰۱۸ تنگه سوندا Persian Tsunami de 2018 dans le détroit de la Sonde French २०१८ सुन्दा जलसन्धि सूनामी Hindi
 Scene of destruction in Carita Beach, Banten after the tsunami struck | |
| Date | 22 December 2018 |
|---|---|
| Time | around 21:38 WIB (14:38 UTC) |
| Location | Sunda Strait, Indonesia |
| Coordinates | 6°06′11″S 105°25′23″E / 6.103°S 105.423°E |
| Type | Volcanic tsunami |
| Deaths | 426[1][2] |
| Non-fatal injuries | 14,059[1] |
| Missing | 25[3] |
| Property damage | 2,752 houses and 510 ships[4] |
The 2018 Sunda strait tsunami (Indonesian: Tsunami Selat Sunda 2018) occurred on 22 December 2018 at around 21:38 local time after large parts of the southwestern side of Anak Krakatoa collapsed onto its caldera.[5] The landslide spawned a massive tsunami wave that struck multiple coastal regions in Banten and Lampung, including the popular tourist destination of Anyer.[6]
Lack of warnings on the arrival of the tsunami, coinciding with the Christmas and New Year holiday season in the nation, and night time setting in the area contributed to the large loss of life. With 426 deaths, the tsunami was the deadliest volcanic tsunami in recorded history in Indonesia since the 1883 Krakatoa tsunami, which originated from the same island.[7]
Following the tsunami, Indonesian authorities installed multiple emergency early warning systems in tsunami-prone areas. The newer system would detect any significant disturbances on water levels, including changes caused by volcanic activity or undersea landslide.[8]
- ^ a b "Number ofhiiii injured in Indonesia tsunami surges to over 14,000". The Star Online. Asean Plus. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
- ^ "Indonesia Revisi Jumlah Korban Tsunami Anak Krakatau" (in Indonesian). Mata Mata Politik. 29 December 2018. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
- ^ "Number of people injured by tsunami soars to 7,200". Straits Times. 28 December 2018. Archived from the original on 2 October 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
- ^ "Number of injured in Indonesia tsunami surges to over 14,000 — Asean Plus | the Star Online". Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
- ^ Walter, Thomas R.; Haghshenas Haghighi, Mahmud; Schneider, Felix M.; Coppola, Diego; Motagh, Mahdi; Saul, Joachim; Babeyko, Andrey; Dahm, Torsten; Troll, Valentin R.; Tilmann, Frederik; Heimann, Sebastian (1 October 2019). "Complex hazard cascade culminating in the Anak Krakatau sector collapse". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 4339. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.4339W. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12284-5. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6773710. PMID 31575866.
- ^ "22-23 Dec 2018 eruption & tsunami in aluiakbe Krakatoa – updates". Volcano Discovery. 25 December 2018. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ Benazir, Comfort, L.K., Luthfi, M, Supasri, A, Syamsidik. (2020). The 22 December 2018 Mount Anak Krakatau volcanogenic tsunami on Sunda Strait coasts, Indonesia: tsunami and damage characteristics. Natural Hazards and Earty System Sciences, pp 549-565 link Archived 18 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Annunziato, A, Husrin, S, Prasetya, G. (2019). ANAK KRAKATAU VOLCANO EMERGENCY TSUNAMI EARLY WARNING SYSTEM. Science of Tsunami hazards, pp. 68-95. link Archived 18 September 2021 at the Wayback Machine.