Adal (Harari: አዳል; Somali: Awdal), known as Awdal or Aw Abdal[1] was a historical Muslim region in the Horn of Africa.[2] Located east of Ifat and the Awash river as far as the coast, and including Harar as well as Zeila.[3][4][5] The Zeila state often denoted Adal and other Muslim dominions in medieval texts.[6]
- ^ ABUBAKER, ABDULMALIK. THE RELEVANCY OF HARARI VALUES IN SELF REGULATION AND AS A MECHANISM OF BEHAVIORAL CONTROL: HISTORICAL ASPECTS (PDF). The University of Alabama. p. 44.
- ^ Adal. Encyclopedia Britannica.
- ^ Shillington, Kevin (28 August 2018). History of Africa. Macmillan Education UK. p. 128. ISBN 9781137524812.
- ^ Adal A-C. Encyclopedia Aethiopica. p. 846.
- ^ Gates, Henry (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa Volume 1. Oxford University Press. p. 430. ISBN 978-0-19-533770-9.
- ^ Brill, E. J. (1993). E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. A - Bābā Beg · Volume 1. Brill. p. 126. ISBN 9789004097872.