Back مضادات بيتا-لاكتام Arabic বিটা-ল্যাক্টাম অ্যান্টিবায়োটিক Bengali/Bangla ß-lactàmic Catalan Beta-laktamová antibiotika Czech Β-lactamantibiotika Danish Β-Lactam-Antibiotika German Beta-laktamaj antibiotikoj Esperanto Antibiótico betalactámico Spanish Beetalaktaamsed antibiootikumid Estonian Betalaktamiko Basque
| β-lactam antibiotic | |
|---|---|
| Drug class | |
 Core structure of penicillins (top) and cephalosporins (bottom) the 2 most common groups of β-lactam antibiotics . β-lactam ring in red. | |
| Class identifiers | |
| Use | Bacterial infection |
| ATC code | J01C |
| Biological target | Penicillin binding protein |
| External links | |
| MeSH | D047090 |
| Legal status | |
| In Wikidata | |
β-lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are antibiotics that contain a beta-lactam ring in their chemical structure. This includes penicillin derivatives (penams), cephalosporins and cephamycins (cephems), monobactams, carbapenems[1] and carbacephems.[2] Most β-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the bacterial organism and are the most widely used group of antibiotics. Until 2003, when measured by sales, more than half of all commercially available antibiotics in use were β-lactam compounds.[3] The first β-lactam antibiotic discovered, penicillin, was isolated from a strain of Penicillium rubens (named as Penicillium notatum at the time).[4][5]
Bacteria often develop resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by synthesizing a β-lactamase, an enzyme that attacks the β-lactam ring. To overcome this resistance, β-lactam antibiotics can be given with β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid.[6]
- ^ Holten KB, Onusko EM (August 2000). "Appropriate prescribing of oral beta-lactam antibiotics". American Family Physician. 62 (3): 611–20. PMID 10950216. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved November 8, 2008.
- ^ Yao, JDC, Moellering, RC Jr. (2007). "Antibacterial agents". In Murray, PR, et al. (eds.). Manual of Clinical Microbiology (9th ed.). Washington D.C.: ASM Press. Cited in Non-Penicillin Beta Lactam Drugs: A CGMP Framework for Preventing Cross-Contamination (Report). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Food and Drug Administration; Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). April 2013. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2019 – via US FDA website.
- ^ Elander RP (2003). "Industrial production of β-lactam antibiotics". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 61 (5–6): 385–392. doi:10.1007/s00253-003-1274-y. PMID 12679848. S2CID 43996071.
- ^ Houbraken J, Frisvad JC, Samson RA (2011). "Fleming's penicillin producing strain is not Penicillium chrysogenum but P. rubens". IMA Fungus. 2 (1): 87–95. doi:10.5598/imafungus.2011.02.01.12. PMC 3317369. PMID 22679592.
- ^ Pathak A, Nowell RW, Wilson CG, Ryan MJ, Barraclough TG (September 2020). "Comparative genomics of Alexander Fleming's original Penicillium isolate (IMI 15378) reveals sequence divergence of penicillin synthesis genes". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): Article 15705. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1015705P. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72584-5. PMC 7515868. PMID 32973216.
- ^ Pandey N, Cascella M (2020). "Beta lactam antibiotics". StatPearls. PMID 31424895. Archived from the original on December 15, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.