Back سرطان العظم Arabic سوموک سرطانی AZB شێرپەنجەی ئێسک CKB Knochentumor German Hezur tumore Basque تومور استخوان Persian Luukasvain Finnish גידול בעצמות HE Ոսկրի քաղցկեղ Armenian Tumor tulang ID
| Bone tumor | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Non-ossifying fibroma of tibia | |
| Specialty | Orthopedics |
| Symptoms | Lump, pain, neurological signs,[1] unexplained broken bone,[2] fatigue, fever, weight loss, anemia and nausea.[2][3] Sometimes no symptoms[2][3] |
| Types | Noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant)[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Medical imaging, biopsy[1] |
| Prognosis | Varies with type[4] |
| Frequency | Common[4] |
A bone tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue in bone, traditionally classified as noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant).[1][4] Cancerous bone tumors usually originate from a cancer in another part of the body such as from lung, breast, thyroid, kidney and prostate.[1] There may be a lump, pain, or neurological signs from pressure.[1] A bone tumor might present with a pathologic fracture.[1] Other symptoms may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, anemia and nausea.[2][3] Sometimes there are no symptoms and the tumour is found when investigating another problem.[2][3]
Diagnosis is generally by X-ray and other radiological tests such as CT scan, MRI, PET scan and bone scintigraphy.[1] Blood tests might include a complete blood count, inflammatory markers, serum electrophoresis, PSA, kidney function and liver function.[1] Urine may be tested for Bence Jones protein.[1] For confirmation of diagnosis, a biopsy for histological evaluation might be required.[1]
The most common bone tumor is a non-ossifying fibroma.[4] Average five-year survival in the United States after being diagnosed with bone and joint cancer is 67%.[5] The earliest known bone tumor was an osteosarcoma in a foot bone discovered in South Africa, between 1.6 and 1.8 million years ago.[6]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Maruthainar N, Bhumbra R, Cannon S (2018). "7. Orthopaedic oncology". In Ramachandran M (ed.). Basic Orthopaedic Sciences (2nd ed.). CRC Press. pp. 105–121. ISBN 978-1-4441-2098-1.
- ^ a b c d e "Bone Tumor - Types and Treatments - OrthoInfo - AAOS". www.orthoinfo.org. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ^ a b c d "Questions and Answers about Bone Cancer" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
- ^ a b c d Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours: WHO Classification of Tumours. International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2020. pp. 338–344. ISBN 978-92-832-4502-5.
- ^ "SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Bone and Joint Cancer". NCI. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Strauss2016was invoked but never defined (see the help page).