Back عجلة الكسر Arabic عجلة كاثرين ARZ Разпъване на колело Bulgarian Breviñ ouzh ar rod Breton Roda (suplici) Catalan Lámání kolem Czech Hjul og stejle Danish Rädern German Τροχός βασανιστηρίων Greek Radumo Esperanto
The breaking wheel, also known as the execution wheel, the Wheel of Catherine or the (Saint) Catherine('s) Wheel, was a torture method used for public execution primarily in Europe from antiquity through the Middle Ages up to the 19th century by breaking the bones of a criminal or bludgeoning them to death. The practice was abolished in Bavaria in 1813 and in the Electorate of Hesse in 1836: the last known execution by the "Wheel" took place in Prussia in 1841. In the Holy Roman Empire it was a "mirror punishment" for highwaymen and street thieves, and was set out in the Sachsenspiegel for murder, and arson that resulted in fatalities.[1]
- ^ Althoff, Gerd; Goetz, Hans-Werner; Schubert, Ernst (1998). Menschen im Schatten der Kathedrale: Neuigkeiten aus dem Mittelalter [People in the shadow of the cathedral: News from the Middle Ages] (in German). Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft. p. 332. ISBN 9783534142217.