Back Brucellose Afrikaans داء البروسيلات Arabic Bruselyoz Azerbaijani Бруцелоза Bulgarian Bruceloza BS Brucel·losi Catalan تای ماڵتا CKB Brucelóza Czech Brucellose Danish Brucellose German
| Brucellosis | |
|---|---|
| Other names | undulant fever, undulating fever, Mediterranean fever, Malta fever, Cyprus fever, rock fever (Micrococcus melitensis)[1] |
| Specialty | Infectious disease |
| Symptoms | fever, chills, loss of appetite, sweats, weakness, fatigue, Joint, muscle and back pain, Headache.[2] |
| Complications | central nervous system infections, inflammation and infection of the spleen and liver, inflammation and infection of the testicles (epididymo-orchitis), Arthritis, Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers (endocarditis).[2] |
| Diagnostic method | x-rays, computerized tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid culture, echocardiography.[3] |
| Prevention | avoid unpasteurized dairy foods, cook meat thoroughly, wear gloves, take safety precautions in high-risk workplaces, vaccinate domestic animals.[2] |
| Treatment | antibiotics |
| Medication | tetracyclines, rifampicin, aminoglycosides |
Brucellosis[4] is a zoonosis caused by ingestion of unpasteurized milk from infected animals, or close contact with their secretions.[5] It is also known as undulant fever, Malta fever, and Mediterranean fever.[6]
The bacteria causing this disease, Brucella, are small, Gram-negative, nonmotile, nonspore-forming, rod-shaped (coccobacilli) bacteria. They function as facultative intracellular parasites, causing chronic disease, which usually persists for life. Four species infect humans: B. abortus, B. canis, B. melitensis, and B. suis. B. abortus is less virulent than B. melitensis and is primarily a disease of cattle. B. canis affects dogs. B. melitensis is the most virulent and invasive species; it usually infects goats and occasionally sheep. B. suis is of intermediate virulence and chiefly infects pigs. Symptoms include profuse sweating and joint and muscle pain. Brucellosis has been recognized in animals and humans since the early 20th century.[7][8]
- ^ Wyatt HV (2014). "How did Sir David Bruce forget Zammit and his goats ?" (PDF). Journal of Maltese History. 4 (1). Malta: Department of History, University of Malta: 41. ISSN 2077-4338. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-07-21. Journal archive
- ^ a b c "Brucellosis". mayoclinic.org. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
- ^ "Brucellosis". mayoclinic.org. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved June 5, 2022.
- ^ "Brucellosis". American Heritage Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2011-06-06.
- ^ "Diagnosis and Management of Acute Brucellosis in Primary Care" (PDF). Brucella Subgroup of the Northern Ireland Regional Zoonoses Group. August 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-10-13.
- ^ Di Pierdomenico A, Borgia SM, Richardson D, Baqi M (July 2011). "Brucellosis in a returned traveller". CMAJ. 183 (10): E690-2. doi:10.1503/cmaj.091752. PMC 3134761. PMID 21398234.
- ^ Park. K., Park’s textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23 editions. Page 290-91
- ^ Roy R (2013), "Chapter-23 Biostatistics", Mahajan and Gupta Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, pp. 434–449, doi:10.5005/jp/books/12262_23, ISBN 978-93-5090-187-8, retrieved 2022-11-13