Back جج نامه Arabic চাচ নামা Bengali/Bangla چچنامه Persian चचनामा Hindi チャチュ・ナーマ Japanese ਚਚਨਾਮਾ Punjabi چچ نامہ PNB چچ نامو Sindhi چچ نامہ SKR چچ نامہ Urdu
| Chachnama | |
|---|---|
| Story of Chach | |
| Original title | چچنامو |
| Country | Sindh |
| Language | Classical Persian |
| Subject(s) | Arab-Sind War, history of Sindh |
| Publication date | 13th Century |
| Media type | Book |
Chach Nama (Sindhi: چچ نامو; Urdu: چچ نامہ; "Story of the Chach"), also known as the Fateh nama Sindh (Sindhi: فتح نامه سنڌ; "Story of the Conquest of Sindh"), and as Tareekh al-Hind wa a's-Sind (Arabic: تاريخ الهند والسند; "History of India and Sindh"), is one of the historical sources for the history of Sindh and it was written in 13th century by Ali Kufi.[1][2][3]
The text, which purports to be a Persian translation by `Ali Kufi (13th-century) of an undated, original Arabic text, has long been considered to be the story of the early 8th-century conquests by the Umayyad general Muhammad bin Qasim.[4][5][6] The text is significant because it has been a source of colonial understanding of the origins of Islam and the Islamic conquests in the Indian subcontinent. It influenced the debate on the partition of British India and its narrative has been included in the state-sanctioned history textbooks of Pakistan. However, according to Manan Ahmed Asif, the text is in reality original, "not a work of translation".[7] The Chach Nama is a romantic work influenced by the 13th-century history, not a historical text of the 8th-century, states Asif.[7] Some Islamic scholars and modern historians question the credibility of some of the Chach Nama's reports.[8]
- ^ Asif, Manan Ahmed (2016-09-19). A Book of Conquest: The Chachnama and Muslim Origins in South Asia. Harvard University Press. pp. 12–13. ISBN 978-0-674-97243-8.
- ^ Dhir, Krishna S. (2022-01-01). The Wonder That Is Urdu. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 255. ISBN 978-81-208-4301-1.
- ^ Organization (Pakistan), Census (1962). Population Census of Pakistan, 1961: District Census Report. Manager of Publications. p. 5.
- ^ Asif, A Book of Conquest (2016), p. 8–15.
- ^ Friedmann, Y; et al. (1981), P. Bearman (ed.), "ČAČ-NĀMA", Encyclopaedia of Islam (Second ed.), Brill Academic Publishers, doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_sim_8436
- ^ Friedmann, The origins and significance of the Chach Nāma 1984.
- ^ a b Asif, A Book of Conquest (2016), p. 4–15, 20
- ^ Friedmann, Yohann (1984), "The origins and significance of the Chach Nāma", Islam in Asia: South Asia, Magnes Press/Westview Press, pp. 23–37, ISBN 978-965-223-521-3