Kalimantan Physical Revolution

Kalimantan Physical Revolution
	Part of the Indonesian National Revolution
	; Hasan Basry greeted by the people of Kalimantan in Kandangan after a meeting with NICA and United Nations envoy about sovereignty transfer.
Date	1945–1950
Location	Various cities and regions in today's Kalimantan, Indonesia
Result	Temporary pacification and economic blockade of Kalimantan urban communities by Allied forces.; Diplomatic victory by Indonesian Nationalists.; United States of Indonesia dissolved.;
Belligerents
Tentara Keamanan Rakyat Kalimantan (TKRK) ; Angkatan Udara Republik Indonesia (AURI) ; Angkatan Laut Republik Indonesia (ALRI) ALRI 4th Division; Dayak Unity Party Dayak In Action; Various militia and decentralized armed insurgencies	Dutch East Indies Great Dayak; Pontianak Sultanate; Australia
Commanders and leaders
Prince Mohammad Noor; Hasan Basry; Tjilik Riwut; A. A. Hamidhan; Idham Chalid ; Various decentralized leaders	Hubertus van Mook; L. H. van Oyen; Sultan Hamid II

The Kalimantan Physical Revolution (Indonesian: Revolusi fisik Kalimantan) was an armed conflict between Indonesian nationalists and pro-Dutch forces in Dutch Borneo in the second half of the 1940s. It began with the end of the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies and the 1945 Proclamation of Indonesian Independence by Sukarno and lasted until the Dutch withdrew from most of Indonesia in 1949. It can be considered part of the larger Indonesian National Revolution.

After the surrender of the Japanese at the end of World War II, allied forces took control of the Dutch East Indies, including Dutch Borneo. The return of Dutch authorities was rejected by a majority of the native population, resulting in various regional armed conflicts between the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army and Indonesian nationalist forces. Allied military forces in Borneo were in a strong position after an early conflict in August 1945, and they were able to pacify local nationalist uprisings and impose a blockade to prevent military aid and exchange in personnel from nationalist strongholds in Java and Sumatra.^[1]^[2] Later, nationalists with connections to Borneo were able to breach the military blockade to provide information on revolutionary events in Java and Sumatra, declaring Kalimantan an inseparable part of the new Indonesian republic in the Kalimantan proclamation.^[3]^[4]^[5]

^ VAN DIJK, C. (1981). "SOUTH KALIMANTAN – THE REBELLION OF THE OPPRESSED". Rebellion under the Banner of Islam. Vol. 94. The Hague: Brill. pp. 218–242. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctvbqs6vx.11.
^ Matanasi, Petrik (17 May 2019). Handayani, Maulida Sri; Ahsan, Ivan Aulia (eds.). "Proklamasi Kalsel: Pejuang Banjar Mendirikan Pemerintahan Militer". tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 4 October 2020.
^ Riwut, Tjilik (1958). Kalimantan Memanggil.
^ Sejarah Kalimantan, Departemen Pendidikan and Kebudayaan
^ Basry, Hasan (1962). Kisah gerila Kalimantan : dalam revolusi Indonesia 1945-1949. Banjarmasin: Jajasan Lektur Lambung Mangkurat. OCLC 64003985.

[:5-1] VAN DIJK, C. (1981). "SOUTH KALIMANTAN – THE REBELLION OF THE OPPRESSED". Rebellion under the Banner of Islam. Vol. 94. The Hague: Brill. pp. 218–242. JSTOR 10.1163/j.ctvbqs6vx.11.

[:0-2] Matanasi, Petrik (17 May 2019). Handayani, Maulida Sri; Ahsan, Ivan Aulia (eds.). "Proklamasi Kalsel: Pejuang Banjar Mendirikan Pemerintahan Militer". tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 4 October 2020.

[3] Riwut, Tjilik (1958). Kalimantan Memanggil.

[4] Sejarah Kalimantan, Departemen Pendidikan and Kebudayaan

[5] Basry, Hasan (1962). Kisah gerila Kalimantan : dalam revolusi Indonesia 1945-1949. Banjarmasin: Jajasan Lektur Lambung Mangkurat. OCLC 64003985.

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Kalimantan Physical Revolution

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