M1 Garand

U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, M1
U.S. Rifle, Caliber .30, M1
	M1 Garand rifle from the collection of the Swedish Army Museum, Stockholm
Type	Semi-automatic rifle
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1936–1957 (as the standard U.S. service rifle); 1940s–present (other countries);
Used by	See Users
Wars	World War II; Chinese Civil War; Indonesian National Revolution; Korean War; 1948 Arab–Israeli War; Hukbalahap Rebellion; Indo-Pakistani Wars; First Indochina War; Algerian War; Suez Crisis; Second Taiwan Strait Crisis; 1958 Lebanon crisis; Cuban Revolution; Bay of Pigs Invasion; Vietnam War; Laotian Civil War; 1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War; Dominican Civil War; Six-Day War; Football War; Cambodian Civil War; Black September; Sandinista Revolution; Angolan Civil War; Lebanese Civil War; Iran–Iraq War; War in Afghanistan; First Liberian Civil War; Gulf War; The Troubles; Operation Uphold Democracy; Iraq War; Syrian civil war;
Production history
Designer	John C. Garand
Designed	1928
Manufacturer	Springfield Armory; Winchester; Harrington & Richardson; International Harvester; Beretta; Breda; F.M.A.P.; Springfield Armory, Inc. (civilian); McCann Industries (civilian);
Unit cost	About $85 (during World War II) (equivalent to $1,500 in 2023)
Produced	1934–1957
No. built	5,468,772
Variants	See Variants
Specifications
Mass	9.5 lb (4.31 kg) to 11.6 lb (5.3 kg)
Length	43.5 in (1,100 mm)
Barrel length	24 in (609.6 mm)
Cartridge	.30-06 Springfield; 7.62×51mm NATO;
Action	Gas-operated, closed rotating bolt
Rate of fire	40–50 rounds/min
Muzzle velocity	2,800 ft/s (853 m/s)
Effective firing range	500 yd (457 m)
Feed system	8-round en bloc clip, internal box magazine
Sights	Rear: adjustable aperture; Front: wing protected post;

The M1 Garand or M1 rifle^{[nb 1]} is a semi-automatic rifle that was the service rifle of the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War.

The rifle is chambered for the .30-06 Springfield cartridge and is named after its Canadian-American designer, John Garand. It was the first standard-issue autoloading rifle for the United States.^[14] By most accounts, the M1 rifle performed well. General George S. Patton called it "the greatest battle implement ever devised".^[15]^[16] The M1 replaced the bolt-action M1903 Springfield as the U.S. service rifle in 1936,^[17] and was itself replaced by the selective-fire M14 rifle on March 26, 1958.^[18]

^ U.S. Department of the Interior. (n.d.). Springfield Armory: The best battle implement ever devised (U.S. National Park Service). National Park Service. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from https://www.nps.gov/articles/springfieldarmoryww2.htm Archived 2022-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
^ Thompson, Leroy (February 20, 2013). The M1903 Springfield Rifle. Weapon 23. Osprey Publishing. p. 63. ISBN 9781780960111.
^ "L'armement français en A.F.N." Gazette des Armes (in French). No. 220. March 1992. pp. 12–16.
^ McNab, Chris (2002). 20th Century Military Uniforms (2nd ed.). Kent: Grange Books. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-84013-476-6.
^ de Quesada, Alejandro (January 10, 2009). The Bay of Pigs: Cuba 1961. Elite 166. Osprey Publishing. pp. 60–61. ISBN 978-1-84603-323-0.
^ Yates, Lawrence A. (July 1988). Power Pack: U.S. Intervention in the Dominican Republic, 1965-1966 (PDF). Leavenworth Papers, Number 15. United States Army Command and General Staff College. p. 123.
^ Laffin, John (June 15, 1982). Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 1948–73. Men-at-Arms 128. Osprey Publishing. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-85045-451-2.
^ Katz, Sam (March 24, 1988). Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2). Men-at-Arms 128. Osprey Publishing. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-85045-800-8.
^ Taylor, Peter (1997). Provos The IRA & Sinn Féin. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 62. ISBN 978-1-84908-621-9.
^ Ball, Bill (June 2004). "The Beretta "Type E" Garand, Variations on John Garand's Combat Proven M1" (PDF). The Small Arms Review. Vol. 7, no. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 27, 2011.
^ Thompson, Leroy (2012). The M1 Garand. Oxford: Osprey. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-84908-621-9.
^ "U.S. Department of the Army Technical Manual No. 9-1005-222-12" (PDF). March 17, 1969. p. 13. Retrieved May 18, 2007 – via Biggerhammer.net.
^ Fortier, D. M. (Ed.). (2021, April 15). The M1 Garand rifle, what made it great?. Firearms News. https://www.firearmsnews.com/editorial/m1-garand-rifle-what-made-it-great/391738
^ Hogg, Ian V.; Weeks, John (1977). "US Rifle, Caliber .30in ('Garand'), M1-M1E9, MiC, M1D, T26". Military Small-Arms of the 20th Century (2nd ed.). London: Arms & Armour Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-88254-436-6.
^ "The Best Battle Implement Ever Devised". Springfield Armory. Retrieved April 28, 2020.
^ Pendergast, Sara; Pendergast, Tom (2000). "Firearms". St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. St. James Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-1-55862-405-4.
^ Seijas, Bob. "History of the M1 Garand Rifle". Garand Collectors Association. Retrieved December 3, 2019.
^ Canfield, Bruce (April 28, 2016). "The M14 Rifle: John Garand's Final Legacy". American Rifleman. Retrieved December 3, 2019.

Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).

[1] U.S. Department of the Interior. (n.d.). Springfield Armory: The best battle implement ever devised (U.S. National Park Service). National Park Service. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from https://www.nps.gov/articles/springfieldarmoryww2.htm Archived 2022-10-05 at the Wayback Machine

[2] Thompson, Leroy (February 20, 2013). The M1903 Springfield Rifle. Weapon 23. Osprey Publishing. p. 63. ISBN 9781780960111.

[Algeria-3] "L'armement français en A.F.N." Gazette des Armes (in French). No. 220. March 1992. pp. 12–16.

[mcnab2002-4] McNab, Chris (2002). 20th Century Military Uniforms (2nd ed.). Kent: Grange Books. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-84013-476-6.

[5] Quesada, Alejandro (January 10, 2009). The Bay of Pigs: Cuba 1961. Elite 166. Osprey Publishing. pp. 60–61. ISBN 978-1-84603-323-0.

[6] Yates, Lawrence A. (July 1988). Power Pack: U.S. Intervention in the Dominican Republic, 1965-1966 (PDF). Leavenworth Papers, Number 15. United States Army Command and General Staff College. p. 123.

[Arabs-7] Laffin, John (June 15, 1982). Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 1948–73. Men-at-Arms 128. Osprey Publishing. p. 34. ISBN 978-0-85045-451-2.

[Arabs2-8] Katz, Sam (March 24, 1988). Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2). Men-at-Arms 128. Osprey Publishing. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-85045-800-8.

[mult-9] Taylor, Peter (1997). Provos The IRA & Sinn Féin. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 62. ISBN 978-1-84908-621-9.

[10] Ball, Bill (June 2004). "The Beretta "Type E" Garand, Variations on John Garand's Combat Proven M1" (PDF). The Small Arms Review. Vol. 7, no. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 27, 2011.

[11] Thompson, Leroy (2012). The M1 Garand. Oxford: Osprey. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-84908-621-9.

[12] "U.S. Department of the Army Technical Manual No. 9-1005-222-12" (PDF). March 17, 1969. p. 13. Retrieved May 18, 2007 – via Biggerhammer.net.

[13] Fortier, D. M. (Ed.). (2021, April 15). The M1 Garand rifle, what made it great?. Firearms News. https://www.firearmsnews.com/editorial/m1-garand-rifle-what-made-it-great/391738

[15] Hogg, Ian V.; Weeks, John (1977). "US Rifle, Caliber .30in ('Garand'), M1-M1E9, MiC, M1D, T26". Military Small-Arms of the 20th Century (2nd ed.). London: Arms & Armour Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-88254-436-6.

[16] "The Best Battle Implement Ever Devised". Springfield Armory. Retrieved April 28, 2020.

[Pendergast_2000_102-17] Pendergast, Sara; Pendergast, Tom (2000). "Firearms". St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. St. James Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-1-55862-405-4.

[18] Seijas, Bob. "History of the M1 Garand Rifle". Garand Collectors Association. Retrieved December 3, 2019.

[19] Canfield, Bruce (April 28, 2016). "The M14 Rifle: John Garand's Final Legacy". American Rifleman. Retrieved December 3, 2019.

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M1 Garand

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