M1 carbine

Carbine, Caliber .30, M1
Carbine, Caliber .30, M1
	M1 carbine
Type	Semi-automatic carbine (M1); Selective-fire carbine (M2/M3)
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1942–1973 (United States); 1942–present (other countries);
Used by	See Users
Wars	World War II; Hukbalahap Rebellion; Chinese Civil War (limited); First Indochina War; Indonesian National Revolution; Korean War; Malayan Emergency; Second Taiwan Strait Crisis; Algerian War; Suez Crisis; Cuban Revolution; Vietnam War; Laotian Civil War; Bay of Pigs Invasion; Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation; Ñancahuazú Guerrilla; Six-Day War; Football War; Cambodian Civil War; The Troubles; Angolan Civil War; Black September; Lebanese Civil War; Insurgency in Aceh; Mexican Drug War; Syrian Civil War;
Production history
Designer	Fred Humeston; William C. Roemer; David Marshall Williams;
Designed	1941
Manufacturer	Military contractors; Commercial copies;
Unit cost	About $45 (WWII) (equivalent to $790 in 2023)
Produced	July 1942 – August 1945 (U.S. military); 1945–present (commercial);
No. built	6,121,309 (WWII)
Variants	See Variants
Specifications
Mass	5.2 lb (2.4 kg) empty 5.8 lb (2.6 kg) loaded w/sling
Length	35.6 in (900 mm)
Barrel length	17.75 in (451 mm)
Cartridge	.30 Carbine
Action	Gas-operated (short-stroke piston), rotating bolt
Rate of fire	60–70 aimed rounds/min (M1/A1); 750 rounds/min (M2);
Muzzle velocity	1,990 ft/s (607 m/s)
Effective firing range	219–328 yd (200–300 m)
Feed system	15- or 30-round detachable box magazine
Sights	Rear sight: aperture; L-type flip or adjustable; Front sight: wing-protected post;

The M1 carbine (formally the United States Carbine, Caliber .30, M1) is a lightweight semi-automatic carbine that was issued to the U.S. military during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.^[11] The M1 carbine was produced in several variants and was widely used by paramilitary and police forces around the world after World War II.

The M2 carbine is the selective-fire version of the M1 carbine, capable of firing in both semi-automatic and full-automatic. The M3 carbine was an M2 carbine with an active infrared scope system.^[12]

Despite having a similar name and physical outward appearance, the M1 carbine is not a carbine version of the M1 Garand rifle. On July 1, 1925, the U.S. Army began using the current naming convention where the "M" is the designation for "Model" and the number represents the sequential development of equipment and weapons.^[13] Therefore, the "M1 carbine" was the first carbine developed under this system. The "M2 carbine" was the second carbine developed under the system, etc.

^ Bloomfield & Leiss 1967, pp. 80–81.
^ Cite error: The named reference Pigs was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Rifles of Bolivia 1900-1990". Archived from the original on December 4, 2022.
^ Katz, Sam (24 Mar 1988). Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2). Men-at-Arms 128. Osprey Publishing. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-85045-800-8.
^ "Warga Aceh serahkan delapan senjata api ke TNI AD". gorontalo.antaranews.com (in Indonesian). 3 January 2019. Archived from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
^ "Nayarit Update". Borderland Beat. Archived from the original on August 2, 2019.
^ Brian Wood; Johan Peleman (1999). The Arms Fixers. Controlling the Brokers and Shipping Agents (Report). PRIO. p. 40. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023. At the busiest US port, Long Beach in California, an average of 8,400 cargo containers in the port area could be checked every day – but US Customs has fewer than 135 inspectors there. It was therefore almost by accident that, in March 1997, federal agents at the US–Mexico border opened two suspect sealed containers from Long Beach, and this led them to the largest illicit arms shipment ever intercepted en route from the USA to Mexico.2 The arms, including M-2 automatic rifles, had originally been left behind in Vietnam by the US armed forces.
^ "Small Arms Captured by SAA During Operation BASALT". Aug 7, 2018. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved Jun 20, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Thompson, Leroy (22 November 2011). The M1 Carbine. Osprey Publishing. pp. 25–30, 32, 41–56, 57–70. ISBN 978-1-84908-619-6.
^ "M1 Carbine | Weaponsystems.net". 2022-11-26. Archived from the original on 2022-11-26. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
^ Meche, W. Derek (6 June 2013). "M1 Carbine: The collector's item you can actually use". Guns.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
^ Hogg, Ian V.; Weeks, John S. (10 February 2000). Military Small Arms of the 20th Century (7th ed.). Krause Publications. p. 290. ISBN 978-0-87341-824-9.
^ International Encyclopedia of Military History. James C. Bradford. Routledge, Dec 1, 2004. p. 886

[FOOTNOTEBloomfieldLeiss196780–81-1] Bloomfield & Leiss 1967, pp. 80–81.

[Pigs-2] Cite error: The named reference Pigs was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] "Rifles of Bolivia 1900-1990". Archived from the original on December 4, 2022.

[Arabs2-4] Katz, Sam (24 Mar 1988). Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars (2). Men-at-Arms 128. Osprey Publishing. pp. 40–41. ISBN 978-0-85045-800-8.

[5] "Warga Aceh serahkan delapan senjata api ke TNI AD". gorontalo.antaranews.com (in Indonesian). 3 January 2019. Archived from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2021.

[6] "Nayarit Update". Borderland Beat. Archived from the original on August 2, 2019.

[7] Brian Wood; Johan Peleman (1999). The Arms Fixers. Controlling the Brokers and Shipping Agents (Report). PRIO. p. 40. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved May 13, 2023. At the busiest US port, Long Beach in California, an average of 8,400 cargo containers in the port area could be checked every day – but US Customs has fewer than 135 inspectors there. It was therefore almost by accident that, in March 1997, federal agents at the US–Mexico border opened two suspect sealed containers from Long Beach, and this led them to the largest illicit arms shipment ever intercepted en route from the USA to Mexico.2 The arms, including M-2 automatic rifles, had originally been left behind in Vietnam by the US armed forces.

[8] "Small Arms Captured by SAA During Operation BASALT". Aug 7, 2018. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved Jun 20, 2020.

[Leroy_M1-9] Thompson, Leroy (22 November 2011). The M1 Carbine. Osprey Publishing. pp. 25–30, 32, 41–56, 57–70. ISBN 978-1-84908-619-6.

[10] "M1 Carbine | Weaponsystems.net". 2022-11-26. Archived from the original on 2022-11-26. Retrieved 2024-01-18.

[M1_Collector-11] Meche, W. Derek (6 June 2013). "M1 Carbine: The collector's item you can actually use". Guns.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.

[Century_2000._page_290-12] Hogg, Ian V.; Weeks, John S. (10 February 2000). Military Small Arms of the 20th Century (7th ed.). Krause Publications. p. 290. ISBN 978-0-87341-824-9.

[13] International Encyclopedia of Military History. James C. Bradford. Routledge, Dec 1, 2004. p. 886

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Carbine, Caliber .30, M1
M1 carbine
Type	Semi-automatic carbine (M1) Selective-fire carbine (M2/M3)
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1942–1973 (United States) 1942–present (other countries)
Used by	See Users
Wars	World War II Hukbalahap Rebellion Chinese Civil War (limited) First Indochina War Indonesian National Revolution^[1] Korean War Malayan Emergency Second Taiwan Strait Crisis Algerian War Suez Crisis Cuban Revolution Vietnam War Laotian Civil War Bay of Pigs Invasion^[2] Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation Ñancahuazú Guerrilla^[3] Six-Day War Football War Cambodian Civil War The Troubles Angolan Civil War Black September^[4] Lebanese Civil War Insurgency in Aceh^[5] Mexican Drug War^[6]^[7] Syrian Civil War^[8]
Production history
Designer	Fred Humeston William C. Roemer David Marshall Williams
Designed	1941
Manufacturer	Military contractors Commercial copies
Unit cost	About $45 (WWII) (equivalent to $790 in 2023)
Produced	July 1942 – August 1945 (U.S. military) 1945–present (commercial)
No. built	6,121,309 (WWII)^[9]
Variants	See Variants
Specifications
Mass	5.2 lb (2.4 kg) empty 5.8 lb (2.6 kg) loaded w/sling
Length	35.6 in (900 mm)
Barrel length	17.75 in (451 mm)

Cartridge	.30 Carbine
Action	Gas-operated (short-stroke piston), rotating bolt
Rate of fire	60–70 aimed rounds/min (M1/A1) 750 rounds/min (M2)^[9]
Muzzle velocity	1,990 ft/s (607 m/s)
Effective firing range	219–328 yd (200–300 m)^[10]
Feed system	15- or 30-round detachable box magazine
Sights	Rear sight: aperture; L-type flip or adjustable Front sight: wing-protected post

M1 carbine

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