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| Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols | |
|---|---|
| Range | U+1D400..U+1D7FF (1,024 code points) |
| Plane | SMP |
| Scripts | Common |
| Symbol sets | Mathematical |
| Assigned | 996 code points |
| Unused | 28 reserved code points |
| Unicode version history | |
| 3.1 (2001) | 991 (+991) |
| 4.0 (2003) | 992 (+1) |
| 4.1 (2005) | 994 (+2) |
| 5.0 (2006) | 996 (+2) |
| Unicode documentation | |
| Code chart ∣ Web page | |
| Note: [1][2] | |
Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols is a Unicode block comprising styled forms of Latin and Greek letters and decimal digits that enable mathematicians to denote different notions with different letter styles. The letters in various fonts often have specific, fixed meanings in particular areas of mathematics. By providing uniformity over numerous mathematical articles and books, these conventions help to read mathematical formulas. These also may be used to differentiate between concepts that share a letter in a single problem.
Unicode now includes many such symbols (in the range U+1D400–U+1D7FF). The rationale behind this is that it enables design and usage of special mathematical characters (fonts) that include all necessary properties to differentiate from other alphanumerics, e.g. in mathematics an italic "𝐴" can have a different meaning from a roman letter "A". Unicode originally included a limited set of such letter forms in its Letterlike Symbols block before completing the set of Latin and Greek letter forms in this block beginning in version 3.1.
Unicode expressly recommends that these characters not be used in general text as a substitute for presentational markup;[3] the letters are specifically designed to be semantically different from each other. Unicode does not include a set of normal serif letters in the set.[a] Still they have found some usage on social media, for example by people who want a stylized user name,[4] and in email spam, in an attempt to bypass filters.
All these letter shapes may be manipulated with MathML's attribute mathvariant.
The introduction date of some of the more commonly used symbols can be found in the Table of mathematical symbols by introduction date.
- ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
- ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
- ^ "22.2 Letterlike Symbols". The Unicode Standard, Version 13.0 (PDF). Mountain View, CA: Unicode, Inc. March 2020.
- ^ "Bold and Cursive Unicode Text Tool - 𝐁𝐨𝐥𝐝 and 𝕮𝖚𝖗𝖘𝖎𝖛𝖊". Bold Text Generator Tool. 2023-07-18. Retrieved 2023-07-18.
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