Back Metielisosianaat Afrikaans ميثيل إيزوسيانات Arabic متیل ایزوسیانات AZB Isocianat de metil Catalan Methylisokyanát Czech Methylisocyanat German Ισοκυανικό μεθύλιο Greek Metila izocianato Esperanto Isocianato de metilo Spanish Metil isozianato Basque
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
Isocyanatomethane | |
| Other names
Methyl carbylamine
MIC | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.009.879 |
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C2H3NO | |
| Molar mass | 57.051 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Sharp, pungent odor[1] |
| Density | 0.9230 g/cm3 at 27 °C |
| Melting point | −45 °C (−49 °F; 228 K)[2] |
| Boiling point | 38.3–41 °C (100.9–105.8 °F; 311.4–314.1 K)[2] |
| 10% (15°C)[1] | |
| Vapor pressure | 57.7 kPa |
| Structure | |
| 2.8 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−92.0 kJ·mol−1[2] |
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
-1.1275E+06 J/mol[3] |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
    
| |
| H225, H300, H311, H315, H317, H318, H330, H334, H335, H361d | |
| P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P281, P284, P285, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P312, P320, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P342+P311, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | −7 °C (19 °F; 266 K) |
| 534 °C (993 °F; 807 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 5.3–26%[2] |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose)
|
120 mg/kg (oral, mouse) 51.5 mg/kg (oral, rat)[4] |
LC50 (median concentration)
|
6.1 ppm (rat, 6 hr) 12.2 ppm (mouse, 6 hr) 5.4 ppm (guinea pig, 6 hr) 21 ppm (rat, 2 hr)[4] |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
|
TWA 0.02 ppm (0.05 mg/m3) [skin][1] |
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 0.02 ppm (0.05 mg/m3) [skin][1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger)
|
3 ppm[1] |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds
|
Methyl isothiocyanate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3NCO. Synonyms are isocyanatomethane and methyl carbylamine. Methyl isocyanate is an intermediate chemical in the production of carbamate pesticides (such as carbaryl, carbofuran, methomyl, and aldicarb). It has also been used in the production of rubbers and adhesives. As an extremely toxic and irritating compound, it is very hazardous to human health. MIC was the principal toxicant involved in the Bhopal gas disaster, which eventually killed around 20,000 people in total as per official figures.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] It is also a very potent lachrymatory agent.
- ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0423". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ a b c d Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
- ^ Lemoult (1898). Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences. 126: 43.
{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ a b "Methyl isocyanate". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ "NFPA Hazard Rating Information for Common Chemicals". nmsu.edu. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
- ^ Methyl Isocyanate. Union Carbide F-41443A – 7/76. Union Carbide Corporation, New York 1976
- ^ Operating Manual Part II. Methyl Isocyanate Unit. Union Carbide India Limited, Agricultural Products Division, 1979
- ^ Broughton E (May 2005). "The Bhopal disaster and its aftermath: a review". Environmental Health. 4 (1): 6. Bibcode:2005EnvHe...4....6B. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-4-6. PMC 1142333. PMID 15882472.
- ^ Eckerman I (2001). "Chemical Industry and Public Health — Bhopal as an example" (PDF). MPH. 2001 (24). Göteborg, Sweden: Nordic School of Public Health. ISSN 1104-5701. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2012.
- ^ Eckerman I (2004). The Bhopal Saga - Causes and Consequences of the World's Largest Industrial Disaster. India: Universities Press. ISBN 81-7371-515-7. Archived from the original on 10 June 2007.
- ^ Rosenberg J. "At 1984 - Huge Poison Gas Leak in Bhopal, India". About.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2007. Retrieved 10 July 2008.
- ^ Eckerman I (2013). "Bhopal Gas Catastrophe 1984: Causes and Consequences". Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. Elsevier. pp. 272–287. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.01903-5. ISBN 978-0-12-409548-9.