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 Bag of packed red blood cells. | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Stored packed red blood cells, packed cells, red cell concentrate, red cell component |
| Routes of administration | IV |
| ATC code | |
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Packed red blood cells, also known as packed cells, are red blood cells that have been separated for blood transfusion.[1] The packed cells are typically used in anemia that is either causing symptoms or when the hemoglobin is less than usually 70–80 g/L (7–8 g/dL).[1][2][3] In adults, one unit brings up hemoglobin levels by about 10 g/L (1 g/dL).[4][5] Repeated transfusions may be required in people receiving cancer chemotherapy or who have hemoglobin disorders.[1] Cross-matching is typically required before the blood is given.[1] It is given by injection into a vein.[6]
Side effects include allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, red blood cell breakdown, infection, volume overload, and lung injury.[1] With current preparation methods, the risk of viral infections such as hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS are less than one in a million.[1] Packed red blood cells are produced from whole blood or by apheresis.[7] They typically last for three to six weeks.[7]
The widespread use of packed red blood cells began in the 1960s.[8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[9][10] A number of other versions also exist including whole blood, leukocyte reduced red blood cells, and washed red blood cells.[1]
- ^ a b c d e f g Connell NT (December 2016). "Transfusion Medicine". Primary Care. 43 (4): 651–659. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2016.07.004. PMID 27866583.
- ^ Carson JL, Guyatt G, Heddle NM, Grossman BJ, Cohn CS, Fung MK, et al. (November 2016). "Clinical Practice Guidelines From the AABB: Red Blood Cell Transfusion Thresholds and Storage". JAMA. 316 (19): 2025–2035. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.9185. PMID 27732721.
- ^ "Blood transfusion Guidance and guidelines". NICE. 18 November 2015. Retrieved 2018-09-07.
- ^ Plumer AL (2007). Plumer's Principles and Practice of Intravenous Therapy. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 423. ISBN 9780781759441. Archived from the original on 2017-09-14.
- ^ Robinson S, Harris A, Atkinson S, Atterbury C, Bolton-Maggs P, Elliott C, et al. (February 2018). "The administration of blood components: a British Society for Haematology Guideline". Transfusion Medicine. 28 (1): 3–21. doi:10.1111/tme.12481. PMID 29110357.
- ^ Linton AD (2015). Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 287. ISBN 9781455776412. Archived from the original on 2017-09-14.
- ^ a b Parsons PE, Wiener-Kronish JP (2012). Critical Care Secrets5: Critical Care Secrets. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 385. ISBN 978-0323085007. Archived from the original on 2017-09-14.
- ^ Das PC, Smit-Sibinga CT, Halie MR (2012). Supportive therapy in haematology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 190. ISBN 9781461325772. Archived from the original on 2017-01-10.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.