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Pleosporales

Pleosporales
Temporal range:
Chain of conidia of an Alternaria sp.
Alternaria sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Dothideomycetes
Subclass: Pleosporomycetidae
Order: Pleosporales
Luttr. ex M.E.Barr (1987)
Families
Synonyms
  • Melanommatales
  • Pseudosphaeriales [2]

The Pleosporales is the largest order in the fungal class Dothideomycetes. By a 2008 estimate, it contained 23 families, 332 genera and more than 4700 species.[3] The majority of species are saprobes on decaying plant material in fresh water,[4] marine,[5] or terrestrial environments, but several species are also associated with living plants as parasites, epiphytes or endophytes.[1] The best studied species cause plant diseases on important agricultural crops e.g. Cochliobolus heterostrophus, causing southern corn leaf blight on maize, Phaeosphaeria nodorum (Stagonospora nodorum) causing glume blotch on wheat and Leptosphaeria maculans causing a stem canker (called blackleg) on cabbage crops (Brassica). Some species of Pleosporales occur on animal dung,[6] and a small number occur as lichens [7] and rock-inhabiting fungi.[8]

  1. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Zhang was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ "Pleosporales". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved October 12, 2007.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kirk 2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Shearer C.A., Raja H.A., Miller A.N., Nelson P, Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Marvanová L, Hyde K.D., Zhang Z. 2009. The molecular phylogeny of freshwater Dothideomycetes. Studies in Mycology 64: 145–153.[1] Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Suetrong S, Schoch C.L., Spatafora J.W., Kohlmeyer J, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B, Sakayaroj J, Phongpaichit S, Tanaka K, Hirayama K, Jones E.B.G. 2009. Molecular systematics of the marine Dothideomycetes. Studies in Mycology 64: 155–173.[2] Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Kruys Å, Eriksson OE, Wedin M. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of coprophilous Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota), and the classification of some bitunicate taxa of unknown position. Mycological Research 110:527–536
  7. ^ Nelsen MP, Lücking R, Grube M, Mbatchou JS, Muggia L, Rivas Plata E, Lumbsch HT. 2009. Unravelling the phylogenetic relationships of lichenised fungi in Dothideomyceta. Studies in Mycology 64: 135–144.[3] Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ Ruibal C, Gueidan C, Selbmann L, Gorbushina AA, Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Muggia L, Grube M, Isola D, Schoch CL, Staley JT, Lutzoni F, Hoog GS De. 2009. Phylogeny of rock-inhabiting fungi related to Dothideomycetes. Studies in Mycology 64: 123–133.[4] Archived 2011-07-28 at the Wayback Machine
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