Back أثر بوكل Arabic Эфект Покельса Byelorussian Efecte Pockels Catalan Pockelsův jev Czech Pockels-Effekt German Efecto Pockels Spanish اثر پاکلز Persian Effet Pockels French Effetto Pockels Italian ポッケルス効果 Japanese

Pockels effect

A schematic of a Pockels cell modulating the polarization of light. In this case, the Pockels cell is acting as a quarter wave plate, where linearly-polarized light is converted to circularly-polarized light. With the addition of a Brewster window (left), this change in polarization can be converted to a change in the intensity of the beam, by transmitting only the p-polarized vector component.

In optics, the Pockels effect, or Pockels electro-optic effect, is a directionally-dependent linear variation in the refractive index of an optical medium that occurs in response to the application of an electric field. It is named after the German physicist Friedrich Carl Alwin Pockels, who studied the effect in 1893.[1][2] The non-linear counterpart, the Kerr effect, causes changes in the refractive index at a rate proportional to the square of the applied electric field. In optical media, the Pockels effect causes changes in birefringence that vary in proportion to the strength of the applied electric field.

The Pockels effect occurs in crystals that lack inversion symmetry, such as monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4, abbr. KDP), potassium dideuterium phosphate (KD2PO4, abbr. KD*P or DKDP), lithium niobate (LiNbO3), beta-barium borate (BBO), barium titanate (BTO) and in other non-centrosymmetric media such as electric-field poled polymers or glasses. The Pockels effect has been elucidated through extensive study of electro-optic properties in materials like KDP.[3]

  1. ^ Pockels, F. (1894). Ueber den Einfluss des elektrostatischen Feldes auf das optische Verhalten piëzoelektrischer Krystalle. Abhandlungen der königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (in German). Vol. 39. Göttingen: Dieterich. OCLC 55796322.
  2. ^ Pockels, F. (1906). Lehrbuch der Kristalloptik. B.G. Teubners Sammlung von Lehrbüchern auf dem Gebiete der mathematischen Wissenschaften mit einschluss ihrer Anwendungen (in German). Vol. 19. Leipzig: B.G. Teubner. Bibcode:1906lekr.book.....P. OCLC 864091434.
  3. ^ "Electro-Optics Properties of KH2PO4 and Isomorphs" (PDF). Information Sheet. Cleveland Crystals, Inc. 1976.
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