Back آر-77 Arabic R-77 Czech Wympel R-77 German Vympel R-77 Spanish ویمپل آر-۷۷ Persian R-77 Finnish Vympel R-77 French וימפל R-77 HE R–77 Hungarian Vympel R-77 ID
| R-77/RVV-AE AA-12 Adder | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | Beyond visual range air-to-air missile |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1994 (R-77) |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | Molnija OKB, Artem, Vympel |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 175 kg (R-77), 190 kg (R-77-1) |
| Length | 3.6 m (R-77), 3.71 m (R-77-1) |
| Diameter | 200 mm |
| Wingspan | 700 mm |
| Warhead | 22.5 kg HE fragmenting (R-77) |
Detonation mechanism | laser proximity fuse |
| Engine | Solid fuel rocket motor (R-77), air-breathing ramjet (R-77-PD) |
Operational range | |
| Flight altitude | 5–25 km (16,000–82,000 ft) |
| Maximum speed | Mach 4,[5] Mach 5 for K-77PD (RVV-AE-PD)[6] |
Guidance system | Transis guiding phase: Inertial guidance with mid-course SARH and datalink update. Terminal homing phase: Active radar homing/infrared homing (R-77T)/passive radiation homing (R-77P). |
Launch platform | MiG-21UPG, MiG-29, MiG-31BM, Su-27, Sukhoi Su-30, Sukhoi Su-34, Sukhoi Su-35, Sukhoi Su-57 |
The Vympel NPO R-77 missile (NATO reporting name: AA-12 Adder) is a Russian active radar homing beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile. It is also known by its export designation RVV-AE. It is the Russian counterpart to the American AIM-120 AMRAAM missile.[7]
The R-77 was marked by a severely protracted development. Work began in the 1980s, but was not completed before the Soviet Union fell. For many years, only the RVV-AE model was produced for export customers.[8] Production was further disrupted when the Russo-Ukrainian War resulted in a Ukrainian arms embargo against Russia, severing supply chains. The Russian Aerospace Forces finally entered the R-77-1 (AA-12B) into service in 2015.[8][9] It was subsequently deployed by Su-35S fighters in Syria on combat air patrols.[8] The export model of the R-77-1 is called RVV-SD.[4]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Butowski, Piotr 2007was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
RVV-AEwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
ReferenceAwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
RVV-SDwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "R-77". www.deagel.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
- ^ "К-77ПД / РВВ-АЕ-ПД" (in Russian). 15 June 2012. Archived from the original on 16 October 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
- ^ "AA-12 ADDER R-77". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 4 December 2004. Retrieved 19 August 2006.
- ^ a b c International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (14 February 2018). "The Military Balance 2018". The Military Balance. 118. Routledge.
- ^ Cooper, Tom (14 November 2016). "Russia's Most Feared Air-to-Air Missile Is Actually Kind of a Dud". War is Boring. Archived from the original on 30 August 2018. Retrieved 30 August 2018.