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| Staurozoa Temporal range:
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Cnidaria |
| Subphylum: | Medusozoa |
| Class: | Staurozoa Marques & Collins, 2004 |
| Orders | |
Staurozoa is a class of Medusozoa, jellyfishes and hydrozoans. It has one extant order: Stauromedusae (stalked jellyfishes) with a total of 50 known species. A fossil group called Conulariida has been proposed as a second order,[2] although this is highly speculative. The extinct order is largely unknown and described as a possibly cnidarian clade of marine life with shell-like structures, the Conulariida. Staurozoans are small animals (1–4 cm or 0.4–1.6 in) that live in marine environments, usually attached to seaweeds, rocks, or gravel.[3] They have a large antitropical distribution, a majority found in boreal or polar, near-shore, and shallow waters. Few staurozoans are found in warmer tropical and subtropical water environments of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Ocean basins, but most are known from the Northern Hemisphere.[3] Over the years the number of discovered species has increased, with an estimated 50 species currently recognized.[4] Information on Staurozoa is sparse, and it is one of the least studied groups within Cnidaria. While often neglected, correctly recognizing the characteristics of this class is crucial for understanding cnidarian evolution.
- ^ Liu, A. G.; Matthews, J. J.; Menon, L. R.; McIlroy, D.; Brasier, M. D. (22 October 2014). "Haootia quadriformis n. gen., n. sp., interpreted as a muscular cnidarian impression from the Late Ediacaran period (approx. 560 Ma)". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 281 (1793): 20141202. doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1202. PMC 4173675. PMID 25165764.
- ^ Marques and Allen (2004). "Cladistic analysis of Medusozoa and cnidarian evolution". Invertebrate Biology. 123 (1): 23–42. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7410.2004.tb00139.x. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
- ^ a b Collins, A. G. (n.d.). Staurozoa. AccessScience. doi:10.1036/1097-8542.652700
- ^ Miranda, Lucília S.; Mills, Claudia E.; Hirano, Yayoi M.; Collins, Allen G.; Marques, Antonio C. (2018-12-01). "A review of the global diversity and natural history of stalked jellyfishes (Cnidaria, Staurozoa)". Marine Biodiversity. 48 (4): 1695–1714. doi:10.1007/s12526-017-0721-4. ISSN 1867-1624. S2CID 11242035.