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| Stone pine | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Pinus |
| Subgenus: | P. subg. Pinus |
| Section: | P. sect. Pinus |
| Subsection: | Pinus subsect. Pinaster |
| Species: | P. pinea
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| Binomial name | |
| Pinus pinea | |
| |
| Distribution map | |
The stone pine, botanical name Pinus pinea, also known as the Italian stone pine, Mediterranean stone pine, umbrella pine and parasol pine, is a tree from the pine family (Pinaceae). The tree is native to the Mediterranean region, occurring in Southern Europe and the Levant. The species was introduced into North Africa millennia ago, and is also naturalized in the Canary Islands, South Africa and New South Wales.
Stone pines have been used and cultivated for their edible pine nuts since prehistoric times. They are widespread in horticultural cultivation as ornamental trees, planted in gardens and parks around the world. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2]
Pinus pinea is a diagnostic species of the vegetation class Pinetea halepensis.[3]
- ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus pinea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42391A2977175. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42391A2977175.en. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ "Pinus pinea". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 23 July 2013.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Bonari, Gianmaria; Fernández-González, Federico; Çoban, Süleyman; Monteiro-Henriques, Tiago; Bergmeier, Erwin; Didukh, Yakiv P.; Xystrakis, Fotios; Angiolini, Claudia; Chytrý, Kryštof; Acosta, Alicia T.R.; Agrillo, Emiliano (January 2021). Ewald, Jörg (ed.). "Classification of the Mediterranean lowland to submontane pine forest vegetation". Applied Vegetation Science. 24 (1). Bibcode:2021AppVS..24E2544B. doi:10.1111/avsc.12544. hdl:10400.5/21923. ISSN 1402-2001. S2CID 228839165.