Type 93 torpedo

Type 93 torpedo
Type 93 torpedo, recovered from Point Cruz, Guadalcanal, on display outside U.S. Navy headquarters in Washington, D.C., during World War II
Type	Torpedo
Place of origin	Empire of Japan
Service history
In service	1933–1945
Used by	Imperial Japanese Navy
Wars	Second World War
Production history
Designer	Rear Admiral Kaneji Kishimoto and Captain Toshihide Asakuma
Designed	1928–1932
Variants	Type 97 torpedo, Type 95 torpedo
Specifications
Mass	2.7 tonnes (6000 lb)
Length	9 metres (29 ft 6+5⁄16 in)
Diameter	610 mm (2 ft 1⁄64 in)
Effective firing range	22,000 m (24,000 yd) at 89–93 km/h (48–50 kn)
Maximum firing range	40,400 m (44,200 yd) at 63–67 km/h (34–36 kn)
Warhead weight	490 kg (1080 lb)
Propellant	Kerosene or similar oxidized with oxygen-enriched air
Maximum speed	96 km/h (52 kn)
Launch platform	Surface ships

The Type 93 (酸素魚雷, designated for Imperial Japanese calendar year 2593) was a 610 mm (24 in)-diameter torpedo of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), launched from surface ships. It is commonly referred to as the Long Lance^[1] by most modern English-language naval historians, a nickname given to it after the war by Samuel Eliot Morison,^[2] the chief historian of the U.S. Navy, who spent much of the war in the Pacific Theater. In Japanese references, the term Sanso gyorai (酸素魚雷, lit. "oxygen torpedo") is also used, in reference to its propulsion system.^[3] It was the most advanced naval torpedo in the world at the time.^[4][5]