| Data | |
|---|---|
| Access to an improved water source | 100% |
| Access to improved sanitation | 100% |
| Continuity of supply | Continuous |
| Average urban water use (L/person/day) | 130 |
| Share of household metering | 100% |
| Financing | Tax |
| Institutions | |
| National water and sanitation company | Water Supplies Department (Water suppply) Drainage Services Department (Sanitation) |
Water supply and sanitation in Hong Kong is characterized by water import, reservoirs, and treatment infrastructure. Though multiple measures were made throughout its history, providing an adequate water supply for Hong Kong has met with numerous challenges because the region has few natural lakes and rivers, inadequate groundwater sources (inaccessible in most cases due to the hard granite bedrock found in most areas in the territory), a high population density, and extreme seasonable variations in rainfall. Thus nearly 80 percent of water demand is met by importing water from mainland China, based on a longstanding contract.[1] In addition, freshwater demand is curtailed by the use of seawater for toilet flushing, using a separate distribution system.[2] Hong Kong also uses reservoirs and water treatment plants to maintain its source of clean water.
- ^ Hartley, Kris; Tortajada, Cecilia; Biswas, Asit K. (1 September 2018). "Political dynamics and water supply in Hong Kong". Environmental Development. 27: 107–117. doi:10.1016/j.envdev.2018.06.003. ISSN 2211-4645. S2CID 158860043.
- ^ Lee, N. K. (2013). "The Changing Nature of Border, Scale and the Production of Hong Kong's Water Supply System since 1959". International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 38 (3): 903–921. doi:10.1111/1468-2427.12060.