The West Riding and Grimsby Railway was a railway company that promoted a line between Wakefield and Doncaster, in Yorkshire, England. There was also a branch line connection from Adwick le Street to Stainforth, which gave access towards Grimsby. The company was promoted independently, but it was sponsored by the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway and the Great Northern Railway, and became jointly owned by them.
The line opened in 1866. It was hugely beneficial to the GNR, shortening its route for express passenger trains from Doncaster to Leeds by twenty minutes, an outcome long sought by the GNR. For the MS&LR it gave a direct connection between the manufacturing districts of West Yorkshire and the docks at Grimsby.
The line passed into the ownership of the London and North Eastern Railway at the "Grouping" of 1923. It was electrified in 1988, and today is part of the main route for passenger expresses from London to Leeds.