Alternatif untuk Jerman

Alternatif untuk Jerman Alternative für Deutschland
Singkatan	AfD
Ketua	Frauke Petry Jörg Meuthen
Wakil ketua	Alexander Gauland Beatrix von Storch Albrecht Glaser
Dibentuk	6 Februari 2013
Kantor pusat	Schillstraße No. 9, Berlin, 10785
Sayap pemuda	Alternatif Pemuda untuk Jerman
Keanggotaan (2020)	32.000[1]
Ideologi	Nasionalisme Jerman[2][3][4] Anti-Islam[5][6][7] Populisme sayap kanan[8] Euroskeptisme[9] Konservatisme nasional[9][10] Liberalisme ekonomi[11]
Posisi politik	Sayap kanan[12][13][14][15][16] to Far-right[17][18][19]
Afiliasi Eropa	Tidak ada
Kelompok Parlemen Eropa	KDLE (EFDD), BKE (ENF)
Warna	Biru muda
Bundestag	81 / 736
Bundesrat	0 / 69
Parlemen-Parlemen Negara Bagian	228 / 1.884
Parlemen Eropa	9 / 96
Situs web
afd.de
Politik Jerman Partai politik

Alternatif untuk Jerman (bahasa Jerman: Alternative für Deutschland, AfD) adalah partai politik Jerman yang berideologi populisme sayap kanan^[20][21][22] dan Euroskeptisme.^{[23][24][25][26]}

Partai AfD memiliki pandangan rasis, xenophobic dan islamophobic serta mencerminkan ideologi Neo-Nazi, (meskipun para pemimpin partai AfD mencoba membantah hal tersebut). Pada 10 Januari 2024 sebuah kelompok jurnalisme investigatif bernama Correctiv membocorkan pertemuan rahasia yang dihadiri oleh fungsionaris partai AfD (dan beberapa anggota parlemen dari Uni Kristen Demokrat CDU). Dalam pertemuan tersebut, dilakukan pembahasan rencana deportasi massal jutaan migran, termasuk warga berlatar belakang migrasi yang sudah menjadi warganegara Jerman, tapi dianggap tidak layak berada di Jerman. Bocornya informasi ini memancing gelombang demonstrasi dan reaksi keras dari warga Jerman yang bukan termasuk dalam simpatisan AfD.

Partai ini didirikan pada bulan April 2013. Partai memenangkan 4.7% suara dalam pemilihan federal 2013, nyaris 5% untuk mendapatkan kursi di Bundestag. Pada tahun 2014, partai memeangkan 7.1% suara dan 7 dari 96 kursi Jerman dalam pemilihan Eropa, dan merupakan anggota dari kelompok Konservatif dan Reformis Eropa (ECR) sampai AfD diusir dari kelompok itu pada bulan April 2016 mengikuti aliansi AfD dengan Partai Kemerdekaan Austria dan setelah pemimpin AfD membuat pernyataan kontroversial tentang penembakan imigran. Selama konvensi partai Afd pada 30 April 2016, salah satu dari dua anggota parlemen Uni Eropa yang berpartai AfD, Marcus Pretzell, mengumumkan niatnya untuk bergabung dengan kelompok Bangsa-bangsa Eropa dan Kebebasan, fraksi dari Barisan Nasional Prancis.^[27]

1. ^ "Mitgliederschwund bei der AfD". 25 January 2021. 
2. ^ Taub, Amanda; Fisher, Max (18 January 2017). "Germany's Extreme Right Challenges Guilt Over Nazi Past". The New York Times. 
3. ^ "Understanding the 'Alternative for Germany': Origins, Aims and Consequences" (PDF). University of Denver. November 16, 2016. Diakses tanggal 29 April 2017. 
4. ^ Beyer, Susanne; Fleischhauer, Jan (March 30, 2016). "AfD Head Frauke Petry: 'The Immigration of Muslims Will Change Our Culture'". Der Spiegel. 
5. ^ "Thousands rally in Hanover against anti-Islam AfD party". Al Jazeera. Diakses tanggal 22 January 2018. ... rally in Hanover against anti-Islam AfD party 
6. ^ Ellyatt, Holly (25 September 2017). "Germany's far-right AfD party: 5 things you need to know". CNBC. Diakses tanggal 22 January 2018. Nowadays, the AfD is mainly known for its anti-immigration (namely, anti-Islamic) 
7. ^ Dancygier, Rafaela. "The anti-Muslim AfD just scored big in Germany's election. What does this mean for German Muslims?". The Washington Post. Diakses tanggal 22 January 2018. 
8. ^ "Germany's populist AfD: from anti-euro to anti-migrant". France 24. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 March 2016. Diakses tanggal 13 March 2016. 
9. ^ ^{a b} "Parties and Election in Europe". 2014. 
10. ^ Simon Franzmann (2015). "The Failed Struggle for Office Instead of Votes". Dalam Gabriele D'Ottavio; Thomas Saalfeld. Germany After the 2013 Elections: Breaking the Mould of Post-Unification Politics?. Ashgate. hlm. 166–167. ISBN 978-1-4724-4439-4. 
11. ^ Lees, Charles (2015). "The AfD: what kind of alternative for Germany?" (PDF). Political Studies Association: 10–11. 
12. ^ Germany's right-wing AfD party surges to new high amid concern over refugees.
    'Germany’s eurosceptic right-wing party has hit a new all-time high in the opinion polls as concern about migration rises in the country'.
    Independent. Author – Jon Stone. Published 13 January 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
13. ^ Right-wing German party Alternative for Germany adopts anti-Islam policy.
    'The right-wing Alternative for Germany party declared that "Islam does not belong in Germany" as it passed its new party manifesto on Sunday'.
    Author – Anne-Beatrice Clasmann.
    The Sydney Morning Herald. Published 2 May 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
14. ^ Germany AfD conference: party adopts anti-Islam policy.
    'The German right-wing party Alternative fuer Deutschland (AfD) has adopted an explicitly anti-Islam policy'.
    BBC News. Published 1 May 2016. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
15. ^ New poll shows Alternative for Germany gaining support.
    'The right-wing Alternative for Germany (AfD) has garnered some of its best numbers yet in a nationwide poll'.
    Deutsche Welle. Author – Brandon Conradis. Published 23 September 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
16. ^ Germany's Right-Wing Challenge.
    'All of that is now changing fast, thanks mostly to the rise of the right-wing Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, which is capitalizing on widespread discontent with Merkel’s refugee policy'.
    Foreign Affairs. Author – Thorsten Benner.
    Published 26 September 2016.
    Retrieved 26 December 2016.
17. ^ Meaney, Thomas (October 3, 2016). "The New Star of Germany's Far Right". The New Yorker. For decades, the German far right has been a limited force, with easily recognizable supporters—nicotine-stained ex-Nazis in the sixties and seventies, leather-clad skinheads in the eighties and nineties. Petry is something different, a disarmingly wholesome figure—a former businesswoman with a Ph.D. in chemistry and four children from her marriage to a Lutheran pastor. 
18. ^ Schultheis, Emily (December 8, 2016). "Will anti-immigration party's rise pull Germany to the right?". Following the election of Donald Trump in the United States and the rise of populist movements across Europe, the far-right Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) party has seized on fears about the influx of refugees to gain momentum here. 
19. ^ Delcker, Janosch (27 April 2016). "Angry 8: Inside Germany's far-right AfD". Politico. The far-right Alternative for Germany has turned German politics on its head, but leadership squabbles threaten to derail the party’s rapid rise. 
20. ^ Frank Decker (2015). "Follow-up to the Grand Coalition: The Germany Party System before and after the 2013 Federal Election". Dalam Eric Langenbacher. The Merkel Republic: An Appraisal. Berghahn Books. hlm. 34–39. ISBN 978-1-78238-896-8. 
21. ^ Hans-Jürgen Bieling (2015). "Uneven development and 'European crisis constitutionalism', or the reasons for and conditions of a 'passive revolution in trouble'". Dalam Johannes Jäger; Elisabeth Springler. Asymmetric Crisis in Europe and Possible Futures: Critical Political Economy and Post-Keynesian Perspectives. Routledge. hlm. 110. ISBN 978-1-317-65298-4. 
22. ^ Egbert Jahn (2015). German Domestic and Foreign Policy: Political Issues Under Debate -. Springer. hlm. 30. ISBN 978-3-662-47929-2. 
23. ^ Tom Lansford, ed. (2014). Political Handbook of the World 2014. SAGE Publications. hlm. 532. ISBN 978-1-4833-3327-4. 
24. ^ Kemal Dervis; Jacques Mistral (2014). "Overview". Dalam Kemal Dervis; Jacques Mistral. Europe's Crisis, Europe's Future. Brookings Institution Press. hlm. 13. ISBN 978-0-8157-2554-1. 
25. ^ Robert Ladrech (2014). "Europeanization of National Politics: the centrality of politics parties". Dalam José M. Magone. Routledge Handbook of European Politics. Routledge. hlm. 580. ISBN 978-1-317-62836-1. 
26. ^ William T. Daniel (2015). Career Behaviour and the European Parliament: All Roads Lead Through Brussels?. Oxford University Press. hlm. 135. ISBN 978-0-19-871640-2. 
27. ^ "German AfD lawmaker to align with faction of France's National Front".