Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyz Republic Кыргыз Республикасы (Kyrgyz) Kyrgyz Respublikasy Кыргызская Республика (Russian) Kyrgyzskaya Respublika
Flag Emblem
Anthem: Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни "National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic"
Location of  Kyrgyzstan  (green)
Capital and largest city	Bishkek 42°52′N 74°36′E / 42.867°N 74.600°E / 42.867; 74.600
Major languages	Kyrgyz & Russian
Minority languages	Tajik Uzbek Dungan Uyghur Turkish Tatar
Ethnic groups (2019[2])	73.3% Kyrgyz[1] 14.7% Uzbek 5.6% Russian 1.1% Dungan 0.9% Uyghur 0.9% Tajik 0.7% Turkish 2.7% Other
Religion	90% Islam 8% Christianity 3% Other (includes Jewish, Buddhist, Baháʼí)
Demonym(s)	Kyrgyz
Government	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
• President	Sadyr Japarov
• Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers	Akylbek Japarov
• Chairman of the Supreme Council	Talant Mamytov[3]
Legislature	Supreme Council
Independence
• Kyrgyz Khaganate[4]	840
• From Russia	27 November 1917
• Kirghiz SSR	5 December 1936
• From the USSR	31 August 1991
• CIS Accession	21 December 1991
• Recognized	26 December 1991
• Admitted to the United Nations	2 March 1992
Area
• Total	199,951 km2 (77,202 sq mi) (85th)
• Water (%)	3.6
Population
• 2020 estimate	6,586,600[1] (110th)
• 2009 census	5,362,800
• Density	27.4/km2 (71.0/sq mi) (176th)
GDP (PPP)	2019 estimate
• Total	$35.324 billion[5] (127th)
• Per capita	$5,470[5] (134th)
GDP (nominal)	2019 estimate
• Total	$8.455 billion[5] (141st)
• Per capita	$1,309[5] (158th)
Gini (2018)	27.7[6] low
HDI (2019)	0.697[7] medium · 120th
Currency	Kyrgyzstani som (c) (KGS)
Time zone	UTC+6 (KGT)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+996
ISO 3166 code	KG
Internet TLD	.kg

Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a country in Central Asia. The country is landlocked (has no coast) and mountainous. It has borders with China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Its capital is Bishkek. It was a socialist republic of the Soviet Union, but became independent in 1991. The country was peaceful in the 1990s. Its president, Askar Akayev showed an autocratic and authoritarian character.

Russian is spoken as an official language at state level.

In 2005, there was an unexpected revolution after the elections of parliament (the legislature) in March. President Akayev resigned on April 4 of that year. Opposition leaders formed a coalition (a group from more than one party), and a new government was formed, led by President Kurmanbek Bakiyev and Prime Minister Feliks Kulov.

At the moment, different political groups are fighting for power in the republic. Three of the 75 elected members of Parliament have been murdered. Kyrgyzstan’s main religion is Islam.

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} "Основные итоги естественного движения населения январе-августе 2020г". stat.kg.
2. ↑ 5.01.00.03 Национальный состав населения. [5.01.00.03 Total population by nationality]. Bureau of Statistics of Kyrgyzstan (in Russian, Kyrgyz, and English). 2019. Archived from the original (XLS) on 2018-11-13. Retrieved 2021-08-27.
3. ↑ "Сейчас Kg🇰🇬".
4. ↑ "History of Central Asia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3} "Kyrgyz Republic". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
6. ↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) - Kyrgyz Republic". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
7. ↑ Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Retrieved 16 December 2020.