Uzbekistan

Republic of Uzbekistan O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Ўзбекистон Республикаси
Flag Emblem
Anthem:  O‘zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi
Capital and largest city	Tashkent
Official languages	Uzbek
Recognised regional languages	Karakalpak
Ethnic groups (1996)	80.0% Uzbek 5.5% Russian 5% Tajik 3.0% Kazakh 2.5% Karakalpak 1.5% Tatar 2.5% others[1]
Demonym(s)	Uzbek
Government	Unitary presidential state
• President	Shavkat Mirziyoyev
• Prime Minister	Abdulla Aripov
Legislature	Supreme Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Legislative Chamber
Independence from the Soviet Union
• Formation	1747b
• Uzbek SSR	October 27, 1924
• Declared	September 1, 1991
• Recognized	December 8, 1991
• Completed	December 25, 1991
Area
• Total	447,400 km2 (172,700 sq mi) (56th)
• Water (%)	4.9
Population
• 2012 estimate	29,559,100[2] (45th)
• Density	61.4/km2 (159.0/sq mi) (136th)
GDP (PPP)	2012 estimate
• Total	$103.212 billion.[3]
• Per capita	$3,536.[3]
GDP (nominal)	2012 estimate
• Total	$51.979 billion[3]
• Per capita	$1,780[3]
Gini (2000)	26.8 low · 95th
HDI (2010)	0.617[4] medium · 102nd
Currency	Uzbekistan so'm (O'zbekiston so'mi) (UZS)
Time zone	UTC+5 (UZT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+5 (not observed)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+998
ISO 3166 code	UZ
Internet TLD	.uz
Official Uzbek statistics.[source?] As the Emirate of Bukhara, Kokand Khanate and Khwarezm.

Uzbekistan is a country in Central Asia. Its capital and largest city is Tashkent. There are about 34,8^[5] million people living in Uzbekistan, in 2023. The neighbouring countries are Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. It is a doubly landlocked country, of which there are only two in the world. Most people in Uzbekistan speak a language called Uzbek, a Turkic language similar to Uyghur and Turkish. In the Uzbek language, Uzbekistan is called "O‘zbekiston" and it means "the land of the true nobles". Uzbekistan has a long history. Humans first lived in Uzbekistan from before the 2nd millennium BC.^[6] The current president today is Shavkat Mirziyoyev. The situation with the human rights in Uzbekistan is very bad, according to Human Rights Watch.^[7]

Islam is its largest religion.

1. ↑ "CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on July 9, 2016. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
2. ↑ Official population estimation 2012-01-01 Archived 2013-08-09 at the Wayback Machine. Stat.uz (2012-01-23). Retrieved on 2012-03-13.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3} МВФ — World Economic Outlook Database, April 2012 — Uzbekistan. Gross domestic product…
4. ↑ "Human Development Report 2010" (PDF). United Nations. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 21, 2010. Retrieved November 5, 2010.
5. ↑ "Uzbekistan Population (2023) - Worldometer". www.worldometers.info. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
6. ↑ Embassy of Uzbekistan Archived 2008-07-04 at the Wayback Machine - UZBEKISTAN: PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE
7. ↑ Uzbekistan: Human Rights Watch