Cisplatin

Cisplatin
Clinical data
Trade namesPlatinol, others
Other namesCisplatinum, platamin, neoplatin, cismaplat, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP)
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa684036
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration
Intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability100% (IV)
Protein binding> 95%
Elimination half-life30–100 hours
ExcretionRenal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
PDB ligand
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.036.106 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
Formula[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]
Molar mass300.05 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • [NH3+]-[Pt-2](Cl)(Cl)[NH3+]
  • InChI=1S/2ClH.2H3N.Pt/h2*1H;2*1H3;/q;;;;+2/p-2 checkY
  • Key:LXZZYRPGZAFOLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Cisplatin is a chemical compound with formula cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]. It is a coordination complex of platinum that is used as a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers.[3] These include testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, brain tumors and neuroblastoma.[3] It is given by injection into a vein.[3]

Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, hearing problems including severe hearing loss, kidney damage, and vomiting.[3][4][5] Other serious side effects include numbness, trouble walking, allergic reactions, electrolyte problems, and heart disease.[3] Use during pregnancy can cause harm to the developing fetus.[1][3] Cisplatin is in the platinum-based antineoplastic family of medications.[3] It works in part by binding to DNA and inhibiting its replication.[3]

Cisplatin was discovered in 1845 and licensed for medical use in 1978 and 1979.[6][3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[7][8]

  1. ^ a b c d "Cisplatin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 12 September 2019. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  2. ^ "FDA-sourced list of all drugs with black box warnings (Use Download Full Results and View Query links.)". nctr-crs.fda.gov. FDA. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Cisplatin". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  4. ^ Oun R, Moussa YE, Wheate NJ (May 2018). "The side effects of platinum-based chemotherapy drugs: a review for chemists". Dalton Transactions. 47 (19): 6645–6653. doi:10.1039/c8dt00838h. PMID 29632935.
  5. ^ Callejo A, Sedó-Cabezón L, Juan ID, Llorens J (July 2015). "Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity: Effects, Mechanisms and Protection Strategies". Toxics. 3 (3): 268–293. doi:10.3390/toxics3030268. PMC 5606684. PMID 29051464.
  6. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 513. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
  7. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  8. ^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.

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