Help:IPA/Dutch

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Dutch pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Dutch phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Dutch as well as dialectal variations not represented here.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b beet bait
d dak duck
f fiets feats
ɣ gaan[a] no English equivalent; like loch (Scottish) or voiced in the south.
ɦ had[a] behind
j jas yard
k kat, cabaret ski
l land land
m mens man
n nek neck
ŋ eng long
p pen, rib[b] sport
r ras[c] American atom, French R, or (in syllable coda) American R.
s sok between sip and ship (retracted) (N), sip (B)
t tak, had[b] stop
v ver[a] very
ʋ wang[d] like a looser very
x acht,[a] weg[b] loch (Scottish English)
z zeep[a] between zone and genre (retracted) (N), zone (B)
Marginal consonants
t͡ɕ tientje, check[e] cheer
ɡ goal[f] goal
d͡ʑ Giovanni[e] jeep
ɱ omvallen symphony
ɲ oranje, Trijntje[e] somewhat like canyon
ɕ sjabloon, chef[e] ship
ʑ jury[a][e] genre
ʔ bindig [bəˈʔɛindəx],
Trijntje Oosterhuis
[-ə ˈʔoː-][g]
catch in uh-oh!
Stress
ˈ voorkomen
voorkomen
as in commandeer
/ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/
ˌ
Other representations
( ) maken [ˈmaːkə(n)]
zelf [zɛl(ə)f]
Optional sound[h]
Vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
Checked vowels[i]
ɑ bad father, but rather short
ɛ bed bed
ɪ vis sit
ɔ bot off
ʏ hut roughly like nurse
Free vowels and diphthongs[i]
aap British lad, but long
beet, ezel[j] American may (N), Scottish may (B)
ə de again
i diep deep
boot[j] American go (N), story (B)
y fuut roughly like few
øː neus[j] roughly like fur
u hoed roughly like cool
ɑi ai price
aːi draai prize
ʌu jou, dauw out
ɛi bijt, ei roughly like Australian may
eːu sneeuw jaywalk
iu nieuw ew!
ɔi hoi choice
oːi nooit boys
œy buit roughly like Canadian ice
ui groei gooey
yu duw Roughly like Received Pronunciation too
Marginal vowels
ɛː scène[k] square (British English)
analyse, dier[l] wheeze
ɔː roze[m][n] thought
œː freule[m] roughly like fur
cruise, boer[l] rule
centrifuge, kuur[l] roughly like fugue
ɑ̃ː genre[m] roughly like croissant
ɛ̃ː hautain[m] roughly like doyen
ɔ̃ː chanson[m] roughly like montage
  1. ^ a b Gussenhoven (1999), p. 74.
  2. ^ a b c d e Collins & Mees (2003), p. 48.
  3. ^ Collins & Mees (2003), pp. 197, 201, 216–7.
  4. ^ Gussenhoven (1999), p. 76.
  5. ^ Collins & Mees (2003), pp. 133–4.


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