Back هدنة الاثني عشر عاما Arabic Treva dels dotze anys Catalan Dvanáctileté příměří Czech Zwölfjähriger Waffenstillstand German Tregua de los doce años Spanish آتشبس ۱۲ ساله Persian Trêve de Douze Ans French Tolvejierrich Bestân Frisian Gencatan Senjata Dua Belas Tahun ID Tregua dei dodici anni Italian
The Twelve Years' Truce was a ceasefire during the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic, agreed in Antwerp on 9 April 1609 and ended on 9 April 1621.[1] While European powers like France began treating the Republic as a sovereign nation, the Spanish viewed it as a temporary measure forced on them by financial exhaustion and domestic issues and did not formally recognise Dutch independence until the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648.[2][3] The Truce allowed Philip III of Spain to focus his resources elsewhere, while Archdukes Albert and Isabella used it to consolidate Habsburg rule and implement the Counter-Reformation in the Southern Netherlands.