Applied behavior analysis

Applied behavior analysis (ABA), also called behavioral engineering,[1][2] is a psychological intervention that applies approaches based upon the principles of respondent and operant conditioning to change behavior of social significance.[3][4] It is the applied form of behavior analysis; the other two forms are radical behaviorism (or the philosophy of the science) and the experimental analysis of behavior (or basic experimental research).[3]

The name applied behavior analysis has replaced behavior modification because the latter approach suggested attempting to change behavior without clarifying the relevant behavior-environment interactions. In contrast, ABA changes behavior by first assessing the functional relationship between a targeted behavior and the environment.[5][6][7] Further, the approach often seeks to develop socially acceptable alternatives for aberrant behaviors.[7]

Although service delivery providers overwhelmingly practice structured and naturalistic early behavioral interventions for individuals with autism,[8] ABA has also been utilized in a range of other areas.[9][10][11][12]

ABA is considered controversial among some within autism rights movement due to a perception that it emphasizes normalization instead of acceptance, and a history of, in some forms of ABA and its predecessors, the use of aversives, such as electric shocks.[13][14][15]

  1. ^ Pierce WD, Cheney CD (16 June 2017) [1995]. Behavior Analysis and Learning: A Biobehavioral Approach (6 ed.). New York: Routledge. pp. 1–622. ISBN 978-1138898585. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference behavioralpsychiatricnurse was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b Baer DM, Wolf MM, Risley TR (1968). "Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis". Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 1 (1): 91–97. doi:10.1901/jaba.1968.1-91. PMC 1310980. PMID 16795165.
  4. ^ See also footnote number "(1)" of [and the whole "What is ABA?" section of] Olive M. "What is ABA?". Applied Behavioral Strategies. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 6 October 2015. Where the same definition is given, (or quoted), and it credits (or mentions) both [i] the source "Baer, Wolf & Risley, 1968" (Drs. Donald Baer, PhD, Montrose Wolf, PHD and Todd R. Risley, PhD, (Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Alaska) were psychologists who developed science of applied behavior analysis) and [ii] another source, called "Sulzer-Azaroff & Mayer, 1991". Beth Sulzer-Azaroff is a psychologist at University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Psychology
  5. ^ Mace FC (1994). "The significance and future of functional analysis methodologies". Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 27 (2): 385–392. doi:10.1901/jaba.1994.27-385. PMC 1297814. PMID 16795830.
  6. ^ Pelios L, Morren J, Tesch D, Axelrod S (1999). "The impact of functional analysis methodology on treatment choice for self-injurious and aggressive behavior". Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. 32 (2): 185–195. doi:10.1901/jaba.1999.32-185. PMC 1284177. PMID 10396771.
  7. ^ a b Mace FC, Critchfield TS (May 2010). "Translational research in behavior analysis: historical traditions and imperative for the future". Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. 93 (3): 293–312. doi:10.1901/jeab.2010.93-293. PMC 2861871. PMID 21119847.
  8. ^ "BACB CERTIFICANT DATA". Behavior Analyst Certification Board. Retrieved 14 May 2022.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference As-in-ABA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference APA_Handbook_Behavior_Analysis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference AP_Clinical_and_Organizational_Applications_of_ABA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ U.S. Army. (2007, August 30). Psychological operations process, tactics, techniques, and procedures (FM 3-05.301). https://ia601704.us.archive.org/16/items/usarmy-psy-ops-tactics/USArmy-PsyOpsTactics.pdf The book Applied Behavior Analysis is recommended on page 2–10.
  13. ^ McGill O, Robinson A (October 2020). ""Recalling hidden harms": autistic experiences of childhood applied behavioural analysis (ABA)". Advances in Autism. 7 (4): 269–282. doi:10.1108/AIA-04-2020-0025. ISSN 2056-3868. S2CID 225282499.
  14. ^ Schuck RK, Tagavi DM, Baiden KM, Dwyer P, Williams ZJ, Osuna A, et al. (October 2022). "Neurodiversity and Autism Intervention: Reconciling Perspectives Through a Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention Framework". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 52 (10): 4625–4645. doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05316-x. PMC 9508016. PMID 34643863. S2CID 238744698.
  15. ^ Ne'eman A (July 2021). "When Disability Is Defined by Behavior, Outcome Measures Should Not Promote "Passing"". AMA Journal of Ethics. 23 (7): E569–E575. doi:10.1001/amajethics.2021.569. PMC 8957386. PMID 34351268.

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