Back Акириллица Abkhazian Cyrilliese skrif Afrikaans Kyrillisches Alphabet ALS የቂሪሎስ አልፋቤት Amharic Alfabeto cirilico AN كتابة كريلية Arabic حروف كيريلى ARZ Alfabetu cirílicu AST Кириллияб хъвай-хъвагӀи AV Kiril qrafikası Azerbaijani
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| Cyrillic script | |
|---|---|
 1850s Romanian text (Lord's Prayer), written with the Cyrillic script | |
| Script type | |
Time period | Earliest variants exist c. 893[1] – c. 940 |
| Direction | Left-to-right  |
| Official script | 7 sovereign states Co-official script in: 6[i] sovereign states and 2* disputed territories |
| Languages | See Languages using Cyrillic |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | Egyptian hieroglyphs[4]
|
Child systems | Old Permic script |
Sister systems | |
| ISO 15924 | |
| ISO 15924 | Cyrl (220), Cyrillic Cyrs (Old Church Slavonic variant) |
| Unicode | |
Unicode alias | Cyrillic |
| |
Names: Belarusian: кірыліца, Bulgarian: кирилица [ˈkirilit͡sɐ], Macedonian: кирилица [kiˈrilit͡sa], Russian: кириллица [kʲɪˈrʲilʲɪtsə], Serbian: ћирилица, Ukrainian: кирилиця [keˈrɪɫet͡sʲɐ] | |
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The Cyrillic script (/sɪˈrɪlɪk/ sih-RIL-ik), Slavonic script or simply Slavic script is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia, and used by many other minority languages.
As of 2019[update], around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them.[6] With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek alphabets.[7]
The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Tsar Simeon I the Great, probably by the disciples of the two Byzantine brothers Cyril and Methodius, who had previously created the Glagolitic script. Among them were Clement of Ohrid, Naum of Preslav, Angelar, Sava and other scholars.[8][9][10][11] The script is named in honor of Saint Cyril.
- ^ Auty, R. Handbook of Old Church Slavonic, Part II: Texts and Glossary. 1977.
- ^ "Gazetler | TDNG". metbugat.gov.tm. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
- ^ "Gazetler | TDNG". metbugat.gov.tm. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 28 March 2021.
- ^ Oldest alphabet found in Egypt. BBC. 1999-11-15. Retrieved 2015-01-14.
- ^ "Bdinski Zbornik[manuscript]". lib.ugent.be. Retrieved 26 August 2020.
- ^ List of countries by population
- ^ Orban, Leonard (24 May 2007). "Cyrillic, the third official alphabet of the EU, was created by a truly multilingual European" (PDF). European Union. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2014.
- ^ Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001–05, s.v. "Cyril and Methodius, Saints"; Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica Incorporated, Warren E. Preece – 1972, p. 846, s.v., "Cyril and Methodius, Saints" and "Eastern Orthodoxy, Missions ancient and modern"; Encyclopedia of World Cultures, David H. Levinson, 1991, p. 239, s.v., "Social Science"; Eric M. Meyers, The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, p. 151, 1997; Lunt, Slavic Review, June 1964, p. 216; Roman Jakobson, Crucial problems of Cyrillo-Methodian Studies; Leonid Ivan Strakhovsky, A Handbook of Slavic Studies, p. 98; V. Bogdanovich, History of the ancient Serbian literature, Belgrade, 1980, p. 119.
- ^ Dvornik, Francis (1956). The Slavs: Their Early History and Civilization. Boston: American Academy of Arts and Sciences. p. 179.
The Psalter and the Book of Prophets were adapted or "modernized" with special regard to their use in Bulgarian churches and it was in this school that the Glagolitic script was replaced by the so-called Cyrillic writing, which was more akin to the Greek uncial, simplified matters considerably and is still used by the Orthodox Slavs.
- ^ Curta (2006), pp. 221–222.
- ^ Hussey, J. M.; Louth, Andrew (2010). "The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire". Oxford History of the Christian Church. Oxford University Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-19-161488-0.
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