Ecosystem service

An example of an ecosystem service is pollination, here by a honey bee on avocado crop.

Ecosystem services are the many and varied benefits to humans provided by the natural environment and healthy ecosystems. Such ecosystems include, for example, agroecosystems, forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystems, and aquatic ecosystems. These ecosystems, functioning in healthy relationships, offer such things as natural pollination of crops, clean air, extreme weather mitigation, and human mental and physical well-being. Collectively, these benefits are becoming known as ecosystem services, and are often integral to the provision of food, the provisioning of clean drinking water, the decomposition of wastes, and the resilience and productivity of food ecosystems.

While scientists and environmentalists have discussed ecosystem services implicitly for decades, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) in the early 2000s popularized this concept.[1] There, ecosystem services are grouped into four broad categories: provisioning, such as the production of food and water; regulating, such as the control of climate and disease; supporting, such as nutrient cycles and oxygen production; and cultural, such as spiritual and recreational benefits. To help inform decision-makers, many ecosystem services are being evaluated to draw equivalent comparisons to human-engineered infrastructure and services.

Estuarine and coastal ecosystems are marine ecosystems that perform the four categories of ecosystem services in a variety of ways. For example, their regulating services include climate regulation and buffer zones. Furthermore, their provisioning services include marine products and genetic resources. Their cultural services include recreation and tourism. Finally, their supporting services include nutrient cycling and primary production.

  1. ^ "Tunza Eco-generation Eco-generation".

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia · View on Wikipedia

Developed by Nelliwinne