First Portuguese Republic

Portuguese Republic
República Portuguesa (Portuguese)
1910–1926
of Portuguese Republic
Coat of arms
Motto: Ordem e Trabalho
("Order and Work")
Anthem: A Portuguesa
("The Portuguese")
The Portuguese Republic in 1914
The Portuguese Republic in 1914
CapitalLisbon
Common languagesPortuguese[1]
Demonym(s)Portuguese
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary republic
President 
• 1911–1915 (first)
Manuel de Arriaga
• 1925–1926 (last)
Bernardino Machado
Prime Minister 
• 1911 (first)
João Pinheiro Chagas
• 1925–1926 (last)
António Maria da Silva
LegislatureCongress of the Republic
• Upper house
Senate
• Lower house
Chamber of Deputies
Historical eraWorld War I, Interwar
5 October 1910
21 August 1911
29 May 1926
CurrencyPortuguese real (1910–1911)
Portuguese escudo (1911–1926)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
Ditadura Nacional

The First Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: Primeira República Portuguesa; officially: República Portuguesa, Portuguese Republic) spans a complex 16-year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May 1926 coup d'état. The latter movement instituted a military dictatorship known as Ditadura Nacional (national dictatorship) that would be followed by the corporatist Estado Novo (new state) regime of António de Oliveira Salazar.

The sixteen years of the First Republic saw eight presidents and 45 ministries, and were altogether more of a transition between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Estado Novo than they were a coherent period of governance.


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