Fortaleza

Fortaleza
Municipality of Fortaleza
Município de Fortaleza
Flag of Fortaleza
Coat of arms of Fortaleza
Nicknames: 
Fortal
Miami Brasileira (Brazilian Miami)
Terra da Luz (Land of Light)
Motto: 
"Fortitudine" (Latin)
Location of Fortaleza
Fortaleza is located in Brazil
Fortaleza
Fortaleza
Location in Brazil
Fortaleza is located in South America
Fortaleza
Fortaleza
Fortaleza (South America)
Coordinates: 03°43′39″S 38°31′39″W / 3.72750°S 38.52750°W / -3.72750; -38.52750
Country Brazil
RegionNortheast
State Ceará
FoundedApril 13, 1726
Government
 • TypeMayor-council
 • MayorJosé Sarto (PDT)
 • Deputy mayorÉlcio Batista (PSB)
Area
 • Municipality312.353 km2 (120.600 sq mi)
 • Metro
7,440.053 km2 (2,872.621 sq mi)
Elevation
16 m (52 ft)
Population
 (2021 [1])
 • Municipality2,703,391
 • Rank4th
 • Density8,654.92/km2 (22,416.1/sq mi)
 • Metro
4,167,996
 • Metro density560.21/km2 (1,450.9/sq mi)
DemonymPortuguese: Fortalezense
GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)
 • Year2023
 • Total (Metro)$39.6 billion[2]
 • Per capita$10,600
Time zoneUTC−3 (BST)
Postal code
60000-001 to 61599-999
Area code+55 85
HDI (2010)0.754 – high[3]
Websitefortaleza.ce.gov.br

Fortaleza ([foʁtaˈlezɐ], Portuguese for Fortress) is the state capital of Ceará, located in Northeastern Brazil. It is Brazil's 4th largest city, having passed Salvador in 2023 census with a population of slightly over 2.7 million, and the 12th largest city by gross domestic product. It forms the core of the Fortaleza metropolitan area, which is home to over 4.1 million people.

Fortaleza is an important industrial and commercial center of Northeast Brazil. According to the Ministry of Tourism, it is the fourth most visited city and tourist destination in the country. The BR-116, the most important highway in the country, starts in Fortaleza. The municipality is part of the Mercosur common market, and vital trade port which is closest to mainland Europe, being 5,608 kilometres (3,485 mi) from Lisbon, Portugal.[4][5]

To the north of the city lies the Atlantic Ocean; to the south are the municipalities of Pacatuba, Eusébio, Maracanaú and Itaitinga; to the east is the municipality of Aquiraz and the Atlantic Ocean; and to the west is the municipality of Caucaia. Residents of the city are known as Fortalezenses. Fortaleza is one of the three leading cities in the Northeast region together with Recife and Salvador.[5][6]

  1. ^ "IBGE 2021".
  2. ^ "TelluBase—Brazil Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
  3. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ^ "Fortaleza é a quinta capital mais populosa e lidera a sétima maior região metropolitana - Ceará - O POVO Online". Archived from the original on December 6, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  5. ^ a b Garmany, Jeff (2011). "Situating Fortaleza: Urban space and uneven development in northeastern Brazil". Cities. 28 (1). Elsevier: 45–52. doi:10.1016/j.cities.2010.08.004.
  6. ^ Istrate, Emilia; Nadeau, Carey Anne (November 30, 2012). "Global Metro Monitor: Slowdown, Recovery, and Interdependence 2012" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 27, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2019.

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