Back Fula (volk) Afrikaans شعب الفولاني Arabic فلان ARZ Fulani AST Fulalar Azerbaijani فولانی‌لر AZB Фульбэ Byelorussian Фулбе Bulgarian Fulbe Catalan Fulbové Czech

Fula people

"Fulani" redirects here. For other uses, see Fulani (disambiguation).

Fulani, Fula
Fulɓe
𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤩𞤫
Fulani men during Guérewol, Niger
Total population
est. 38.6 million[citation needed]
Regions with significant populations
West Africa, North Africa and Central Africa
 Nigeria15,300,000 (6.6%)[1]
 Senegal5,055,782 (27.5%)[2]
 Guinea4,544,000 (33.4%)[3]
 Cameroon3,000,000 (13.4%)[4][5]
 Mali2,840,850 (13.3%)[6]
 Burkina Faso1,800,000 (8.4%)[7]
 Niger1,650,000 (6.5%)[8]
 Benin1,182,900 (8.6%)[9]
 Mauritania900,000 (18.3%)[10]
 Guinea-Bissau623,646 (30%)[11]
 Gambia449,280 (18.2%)[12]
 Chad334,000 (1.8%)[13]
 Sierra Leone310,000 (5%)[14]
 CAR250,000 (4.5%)[15]
 Sudan204,000 (0.4%)[16]
 Togo110,000 (1.2%)[17]
 Ghana4,240 (0.01%)[18]
 South Sudan4,000 (0.02%)[19]
 Algeria4,000 (0.01%)[citation needed]
 Ivory Coast3,800 (0.02%)[15]
Languages
Fula • French • Portuguese • English • Arabic • Hausa
Religion
Primarily Islam[20]
Related ethnic groups
Toucouleur, Tuareg, Hausa, Tebu, Serer, Songhay, Berber Tribes[21]
PersonPullo 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞥆𞤮
PeopleFulɓe 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤩𞤫
LanguagePulaar (𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪, West),
Fulfulde (𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫, East)
This article contains Adlam Unicode characters. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Adlam letters.

The Fula, Fulani, or Fulɓe people[a] is an ethnic group in Sahara, Sahel and West Africa, widely dispersed across the region.[22] Inhabiting many countries, they live mainly in West Africa and northern parts of Central Africa, South Sudan, Darfur, and regions near the Red Sea coast in Sudan. The approximate number of Fula people is unknown, due to clashing definitions regarding Fula ethnicity. Various estimates put the figure between 25[23][24] and 40 million people worldwide.[25]

A significant proportion of the Fula – a third, or an estimated 7 to 10 million[26] – are pastoralists, and their ethnic group has the largest nomadic pastoral community in the world.[27][28] The majority of the Fula ethnic group consisted of semi-sedentary people,[28] as well as sedentary settled farmers, scholars, artisans, merchants, and nobility.[29][30] As an ethnic group, they are bound together by the Fula language, their history[31][32][33] and their culture. The Fula are almost completely Muslims.[34][35]

Many West African leaders are of Fulani descent, including the former President of Nigeria, Muhammadu Buhari; former president of Cameroon Ahmadou Ahidjo; President of Senegal, Macky Sall; the President of Gambia, Adama Barrow; the President of Guinea-Bissau, Umaro Sissoco Embaló; the Vice President of Sierra Leone, Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh; the Prime Minister of Mali, Boubou Cisse and the Wife of Vice President of Ghana Samira Bawumia. They also occupy positions in major international institutions, such as the Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, Amina J. Mohammed; the 74th President of the United Nations General Assembly, Tijjani Muhammad-Bande; and the Secretary-General of OPEC, Mohammed Sanusi Barkindo.

  1. ^ Wealth, household heterogeneity and livelihood diversification of Fulani pastoralists in the Kachia Grazing Reserve, northern Nigeria, during a period of social transition on PubMed Central, access-date=2023-10-14
  2. ^ "Africa: Senegal The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  3. ^ "Africa: Guinea The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  4. ^ "L'ethnie peul au Cameroun Cameroon". 15 October 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  5. ^ "Mbororo/Fulani/Peul". 15 October 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  6. ^ "Africa: Mali – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  7. ^ "Africa: Burkina Faso The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  8. ^ "Africa: Niger – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  9. ^ "PRINCIPAUX INDICATEURS SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIQUES ET ECONOMIQUES" (PDF). 2013. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
  10. ^ "What Is The Ethnic Composition Of Mauritania?". www.worldatlas.com. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  11. ^ "Africa: Guinea-Bissau – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  12. ^ "Distribution of the Gambian population by ethnicity 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2013 Censuses – GBoS". www.gbosdata.org. Archived from the original on 2021-11-19. Retrieved 2021-06-17.
  13. ^ "Africa: Chad – The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. 27 April 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Sierra Leone 2015 Population and Housing Census National Analytical Report" (PDF). Statistics Sierra Leone. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  15. ^ a b "Fulani people and Jihadism in Sahel and West African countries :: Observatoire of Arab-Muslim World and Sahel :: Foundation for Strategic Research :: FRS". www.frstrategie.org. Retrieved 2021-06-21.
  16. ^ "Adamawa Fulfulde". Ethnologue. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  17. ^ "Borgu Fulfude". Ethnologue. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  18. ^ "Maasina Fulfulde". Ethnologue. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  19. ^ "No South Sudan Passports for Fulani, Officials Say | Voice of America – English". www.voanews.com. Retrieved 2021-09-05.
  20. ^ "Fulani | People, Religion, & Nigeria | Britannica". 25 August 2023.
  21. ^ Francis Rodd (1926) – Origins of Tuareg people; H.R. Palmer (1914) – M. Delafosse's Account of the Fulani, Taylor White (1921)
  22. ^ Cite error: The named reference Juang2008p492 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  23. ^ Felicity Crowe (2010). Modern Muslim Societies. Marshall Cavendish. p. 262. ISBN 978-0-7614-7927-7.
  24. ^ Steven L. Danver (2015). Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues. Routledge. pp. 31–32. ISBN 978-1-317-46400-6.
  25. ^ "Fulbe". homepage.univie.ac.at (in German). Archived from the original on 24 November 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  26. ^ David Levinson (1996). "Fulani". Encyclopedia of World Cultures: Africa and the Middle East, Volume 9. Gale Group. ISBN 978-0-8161-1808-3.
  27. ^ Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 495. ISBN 978-0-19-533770-9.
  28. ^ a b David Levinson (1996). "Fulani". Encyclopedia of World Cultures: Africa and the Middle East, Volume 9. Gale Group. ISBN 978-0-8161-1808-3., Quote: The Fulani form the largest pastoral nomadic group in the world. The Bororo'en are noted for the size of their cattle herds. In addition to fully nomadic groups, however, there are also semisedentary Fulani —Fulbe Laddi— who also farm, although they argue that they do so out of necessity, not choice.
  29. ^ Cite error: The named reference decorsefula was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  30. ^ Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. pp. 495–496. ISBN 978-0-19-533770-9.
  31. ^ Richard M. Juang (2008). Africa and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History. ABC-CLIO. p. 492. ISBN 978-1-85109-441-7.
  32. ^ Pat Ikechukwu Ndukwe (1996). Fulani. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 9–17. ISBN 978-0-8239-1982-6.
  33. ^ D Group (2013). Encyclopedia of African Peoples. Routledge. pp. 85–88. ISBN 978-1-135-96334-7.
  34. ^ "Religion and expressive culture – Fulani". www.everyculture.com. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
  35. ^ "Fulani | people". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-10-27.


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