Back قوة صلبة Arabic Sərt güc Azerbaijani Tvrdá síla Czech Grym caled Welsh Poder duro Spanish قدرت سخت Persian Hard power French Կոշտ ուժ Armenian Poter dur Interlingua Hard power Italian
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2012) |
In politics, hard power is the use of military and economic means to influence the behavior or interests of other political bodies. This form of political power is often aggressive (coercion), and is most immediately effective when imposed by one political body upon another of less military and/or economic power.[1] Hard power contrasts with soft power, which comes from diplomacy, culture and history.[1]
According to Joseph Nye, hard power involves "the ability to use the carrots and sticks of economic and military might to make others follow your will".[2] Here, "carrots" stand for inducements such as the reduction of trade barriers, the offer of an alliance or the promise of military protection. On the other hand, "sticks" represent threats - including the use of coercive diplomacy, the threat of military intervention, or the implementation of economic sanctions. Ernest Wilson describes hard power as the capacity to coerce "another to act in ways in which that entity would not have acted otherwise".[3]
- ^ a b Copeland, Daryl (Feb 2, 2010). "Hard Power Vs. Soft Power". The Mark. Archived from the original on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- ^ Nye, Joseph S. (January 10, 2003). "Propaganda Isn't the Way: Soft Power". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
- ^ Wilson, Ernest J. (March 2008). "Hard Power, Soft Power, Smart Power" (PDF). The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 616 (1): 110–124. doi:10.1177/0002716207312618. S2CID 145117752. Retrieved October 1, 2012.