Back ليساندر سبونر Arabic ليساندريه سبونر ARZ لایسندر اسپونر AZB Lysander Spooner Czech Lysander Spooner German Lysander Spooner Esperanto Lysander Spooner Spanish لایسندر اسپونر Persian Lysander Spooner French Lysander Spooner ID
 | This article's factual accuracy is disputed. (November 2023) |
Lysander Spooner | |
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| Born | January 19, 1808 Athol, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Died | May 14, 1887 (aged 79) Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Occupation | Entrepreneur, lawyer and writer |
| Nationality | American |
| Subject | Political philosophy |
| Notable works | The Unconstitutionality of Slavery (1845) No Treason (1867) |
Philosophy career | |
| Era | 19th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School | Iusnaturalism |
Main interests | |
| Part of a series on |
| Anarchism |
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| This article is part of a series on |
| Anarchism in the United States |
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Lysander Spooner (January 19, 1808 — May 14, 1887) was an American abolitionist, entrepreneur, lawyer, essayist, natural rights legal theorist, pamphletist, political philosopher, Unitarian and writer often associated with the Boston anarchist tradition.
Spooner was a strong advocate of the labor movement, anti-authoritarian and individualist anarchism in his political views.[1][2] His economic and political ideology has been identified by some modern scholars with libertarian socialism, left-libertarianism, free-market socialism, and mutualism,[3][4][5][6] while others identify them as right-libertarian, anarcho-capitalist, and propertarianist.[7][8][9][unreliable source?] According to anarchist George Woodcock, Spooner was a member of the International Workingmen's Association (First International).[10] His writings contributed to the development of both left-libertarian and right-libertarian political theory.[7][11] Lysander Spooner also influenced Mutualist Associates as Clarence Lee Swartz who cited him as one of the major liberty advocates in history and a pioneer of mutual banking and competition.[12] Spooner's writings include the abolitionist book The Unconstitutionality of Slavery and No Treason: The Constitution of No Authority, which opposed treason charges against secessionists.[13][14][15] Spooner is also known for competing with the Post Office with his American Letter Mail Company. However, it was closed after legal problems with the federal government.[3][16]
- ^ Martin, James J. (1953). Men Against the State: The Expositers of Individualist Anarchism in America, 1827–1908. "Lysander Spooner, Dissident Among Dissidents". Auburn: Mises Institute. pp. 167–201. ISBN 978-1610163910.
- ^ Rosemont, Henry Jr. (2015). Against Individualism: A Confucian Rethinking of the Foundations of Morality, Politics, Family, and Religion. Lanham: Lexington Books. p. 78. ISBN 978-0739199817.
- ^ a b Swartz, Clarence Lee (1945). What Is Mutualism? Modern Publishers. p. 126.
- ^ Woodcock, George (1962). Anarchism: A History of Libertarian Ideas and Movements. Melbourne: Penguin. p. 434.
- ^ Marshall, Peter (2009). Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism. Oakland: PM Press. p. 387. ISBN 978-1604862706.
- ^ Morris, Brian (2015). Anthropology, Ecology, and Anarchism: A Brian Morris Reader. Oakland: PM Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-1604860931.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
MacSaorsa 2009was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
:1was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ König, Mathias Hagen (September 17, 2014). The Sovereign Outsider: 19th Century American Literature, (Non-)Discursive Formation and Postanarchist Politics. Tectum Wissenschaftsverlag. p. 26. ISBN 978-3-8288-6101-5.
The works of the 'individual anarchists' or 'anarcho-capitalists' (Josiah Warren, Stephen Pearl Andrews, Lysander Spooner, William Batchelder Greene, Henry David Thoreau) are of relevance...
- ^ Woodcock, George (1962). Anarchism: A History of Libertarian Ideas and Movements. Melbourne: Penguin. p. 460.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Miller 1987 p. 290was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Swartz, Clarence Lee (1945). What Is Mutualism (PDF). Mutualist Associates. pp. 66, 124.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
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