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In soil science, mineralization is the decomposition (i.e., oxidation) of the chemical compounds in organic matter, by which the nutrients in those compounds are released in soluble inorganic forms that may be available to plants.[1][2] Mineralization is the opposite of immobilization.
Mineralization increases the bioavailability of the nutrients that were in the decomposing organic compounds, most notably (because of their quantities) nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Whether the decomposition of an organic compound will result in mineralization or immobilization is dependent on its concentration proportionate to that of the carbon in the organic matter.[citation needed] As a rule of thumb, if the concentration of a specific element exceeds the needs of the decomposer for biosynthesis or storage, then it will mineralize.
- ^ White, Robert E. (October 2005). Principles and Practice of Soil Science: The Soil as a Natural Resource (4th ed.). Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-632-06455-2. 384 pages
- ^ Beare, M. H.; Hendrix, P. F.; Cabrera, M. L.; Coleman, D. C. (1994). "Aggregate-Protected and Unprotected Organic Matter Pools in Conventional- and No-Tillage Soils". Soil Science Society of America Journal. 58 (3). Free PDF download: 787. Bibcode:1994SSASJ..58..787B. doi:10.2136/sssaj1994.03615995005800030021x. Retrieved 13 July 2016.