Motor theory of speech perception

The motor theory of speech perception is the hypothesis that people perceive spoken words by identifying the vocal tract gestures with which they are pronounced rather than by identifying the sound patterns that speech generates.[1][2][3][4][5] It originally claimed that speech perception is done through a specialized module that is innate and human-specific. Though the idea of a module has been qualified in more recent versions of the theory,[5] the idea remains that the role of the speech motor system is not only to produce speech articulations but also to detect them.

The hypothesis has gained more interest outside the field of speech perception than inside. This has increased particularly since the discovery of mirror neurons that link the production and perception of motor movements, including those made by the vocal tract.[5] The theory was initially proposed in the Haskins Laboratories in the 1950s by Alvin Liberman and Franklin S. Cooper, and developed further by Donald Shankweiler, Michael Studdert-Kennedy, Ignatius Mattingly, Carol Fowler and Douglas Whalen.

  1. ^ Liberman, A. M.; Cooper, F. S.; Shankweiler, D. P.; Studdert-Kennedy, M. (1967). "Perception of the speech code". Psychological Review. 74 (6): 431–461. doi:10.1037/h0020279. PMID 4170865.
  2. ^ Liberman, A. M.; Mattingly, I. G. (1985). "The motor theory of speech perception revised". Cognition. 21 (1): 1–36. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.330.220. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(85)90021-6. PMID 4075760. S2CID 112932.
  3. ^ Liberman, A. M.; Mattingly, I. G. (1989). "A specialization for speech perception". Science. 243 (4890): 489–494. Bibcode:1989Sci...243..489L. doi:10.1126/science.2643163. PMID 2643163.
  4. ^ Liberman, A. M.; Whalen, D. H. (2000). "On the relation of speech to language". Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 4 (5): 187–196. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01471-6. PMID 10782105. S2CID 12252728.
  5. ^ a b c Galantucci, B.; Fowler, C. A.; Turvey, M. T. (2006). "The motor theory of speech perception reviewed". Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 13 (3): 361–377. doi:10.3758/bf03193857. PMC 2746041. PMID 17048719.

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