Neptune (mythology)

Neptune
Neptune
God of the Sea
Member of the Dii Consentes
	A velificans of Neptune in his seahorse-drawn triumphal chariot from the mid-3rd century AD - Sousse Archaeological Museum.
Other names	Neptunus
Abode	Sea
Symbol	Horse, trident, dolphin
Festivals	Neptunalia; Lectisternium
Personal information
Parents	Saturn and Ops
Siblings	Jupiter, Pluto, Juno, Ceres, Vesta
Consort	Salacia
Equivalents
Greek equivalent	Poseidon
Irish equivalent	Nechtan

Neptune (Latin: Neptūnus [nɛpˈtuːnʊs]) is the Roman god of freshwater and the sea^[2] in Roman religion. He is the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon.^[3] In the Greek-inspired tradition, he is a brother of Jupiter and Pluto; the brothers preside over the realms of heaven, the earthly world (including the underworld), and the seas.^[4] Salacia is his wife.

Depictions of Neptune in Roman mosaics, especially those in North Africa, were influenced by Hellenistic conventions.^[5] He was likely associated with freshwater springs before the sea.^[6] Like Poseidon, he was also worshipped by the Romans as a god of horses, as Neptunus equestris (a patron of horse-racing).^[7]^[8]

^ Culture, p. 754, citing Dumézil. See also [1]
^ J. Toutain, Les cultes païens de l'Empire romain, vol. I (1905:378) securely identified Italic Neptune as a saltwater sources as well as the sea.
^ Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia, The Book People, Haydock, 1995, p. 215.
^
About the relationship of the lord of our earthly world with water(s) Bloch, p. 342-346, gives the following explanations:
1. Poseidon is originally conceived as a chthonic god, lord and husband of the Earth (for the etymolog gearoid γαιήοχος, he who possesses the Earth, εννοσίδας he who makes the Earth quake) with an equine form. He mates with Demeter under this form in the Arcadian myth from Thelpusa, they beget the racing horse Areion and the unnamed daughter of those mysteries (story in Pausanias VIII 25, 3).
2. Poseidon hippios (horse) is the god of Earth and as springs come from beneath the earth, this is also a metaphora (or better a figure) of the origin of life on Earth; the horse is universally considered as having a psychopompous character and Poseidon is known as tamer of horses (damaios) and father of Pegasus who with its hoof can open up a spring.
3. Poseidon is the god worshipped in the main temple of the Isle of Atlantis in the myth narrated by Plato in the dialogues Timaeus and Critias; there was also a hippodrome nearby.
4. The island was swallowed up by an earthquake caused by Poseidon himself. This factor would connect the power over earth and that over waters. The Greek had a memory of the explosion of the Island of Santorini and of the seaquake it provoked as well as other consequences affecting climate.
^ Alain Cadotte, "Neptune Africain", Phoenix 56. 3/4 (Autumn/Winter 2002:330-347) detected syncretic traces of a Libyan/Punic agrarian god of fresh water sources, with the epithet Frugifer, "fruit-bearer"; Cadotte enumerated (p.332) some north African Roman mosaics of the fully characteristic Triumph of Neptune, whether riding in his chariot or mounted directly on albino dolphins.
^ Dumézil, La religion romaine archaïque, 381, Paris, 1966.
^ Compare Epona.
^ "Neptune, Prado Museum, Madrid". Spain is culture. Ministry of Culture and Sport. Retrieved 2021-12-20.

[dumezil-1] Culture, p. 754, citing Dumézil. See also [1]

[2] J. Toutain, Les cultes païens de l'Empire romain, vol. I (1905:378) securely identified Italic Neptune as a saltwater sources as well as the sea.

[Lar-3] Larousse Desk Reference Encyclopedia, The Book People, Haydock, 1995, p. 215.

[4] About the relationship of the lord of our earthly world with water(s) Bloch, p. 342-346, gives the following explanations:
Poseidon is originally conceived as a chthonic god, lord and husband of the Earth (for the etymolog gearoid γαιήοχος, he who possesses the Earth, εννοσίδας he who makes the Earth quake) with an equine form. He mates with Demeter under this form in the Arcadian myth from Thelpusa, they beget the racing horse Areion and the unnamed daughter of those mysteries (story in Pausanias VIII 25, 3).

Poseidon hippios (horse) is the god of Earth and as springs come from beneath the earth, this is also a metaphora (or better a figure) of the origin of life on Earth; the horse is universally considered as having a psychopompous character and Poseidon is known as tamer of horses (damaios) and father of Pegasus who with its hoof can open up a spring.

Poseidon is the god worshipped in the main temple of the Isle of Atlantis in the myth narrated by Plato in the dialogues Timaeus and Critias; there was also a hippodrome nearby.

The island was swallowed up by an earthquake caused by Poseidon himself. This factor would connect the power over earth and that over waters. The Greek had a memory of the explosion of the Island of Santorini and of the seaquake it provoked as well as other consequences affecting climate.

[5] Poseidon is originally conceived as a chthonic god, lord and husband of the Earth (for the etymolog gearoid γαιήοχος, he who possesses the Earth, εννοσίδας he who makes the Earth quake) with an equine form. He mates with Demeter under this form in the Arcadian myth from Thelpusa, they beget the racing horse Areion and the unnamed daughter of those mysteries (story in Pausanias VIII 25, 3).

[6] Poseidon hippios (horse) is the god of Earth and as springs come from beneath the earth, this is also a metaphora (or better a figure) of the origin of life on Earth; the horse is universally considered as having a psychopompous character and Poseidon is known as tamer of horses (damaios) and father of Pegasus who with its hoof can open up a spring.

[7] Poseidon is the god worshipped in the main temple of the Isle of Atlantis in the myth narrated by Plato in the dialogues Timaeus and Critias; there was also a hippodrome nearby.

[8] The island was swallowed up by an earthquake caused by Poseidon himself. This factor would connect the power over earth and that over waters. The Greek had a memory of the explosion of the Island of Santorini and of the seaquake it provoked as well as other consequences affecting climate.

[5] Alain Cadotte, "Neptune Africain", Phoenix 56. 3/4 (Autumn/Winter 2002:330-347) detected syncretic traces of a Libyan/Punic agrarian god of fresh water sources, with the epithet Frugifer, "fruit-bearer"; Cadotte enumerated (p.332) some north African Roman mosaics of the fully characteristic Triumph of Neptune, whether riding in his chariot or mounted directly on albino dolphins.

[6] Dumézil, La religion romaine archaïque, 381, Paris, 1966.

[7] Compare Epona.

[8] "Neptune, Prado Museum, Madrid". Spain is culture. Ministry of Culture and Sport. Retrieved 2021-12-20.

[13] Poseidon is originally conceived as a chthonic god, lord and husband of the Earth (for the etymolog gearoid γαιήοχος, he who possesses the Earth, εννοσίδας he who makes the Earth quake) with an equine form. He mates with Demeter under this form in the Arcadian myth from Thelpusa, they beget the racing horse Areion and the unnamed daughter of those mysteries (story in Pausanias VIII 25, 3).

[14] Poseidon hippios (horse) is the god of Earth and as springs come from beneath the earth, this is also a metaphora (or better a figure) of the origin of life on Earth; the horse is universally considered as having a psychopompous character and Poseidon is known as tamer of horses (damaios) and father of Pegasus who with its hoof can open up a spring.

[15] Poseidon is the god worshipped in the main temple of the Isle of Atlantis in the myth narrated by Plato in the dialogues Timaeus and Critias; there was also a hippodrome nearby.

[16] The island was swallowed up by an earthquake caused by Poseidon himself. This factor would connect the power over earth and that over waters. The Greek had a memory of the explosion of the Island of Santorini and of the seaquake it provoked as well as other consequences affecting climate.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

Neptune
God of the Sea
Member of the Dii Consentes
A velificans of Neptune in his seahorse-drawn triumphal chariot from the mid-3rd century AD - Sousse Archaeological Museum.
Other names	Neptunus
Abode	Sea
Symbol	Horse, trident, dolphin
Festivals	Neptunalia; Lectisternium
Personal information
Parents	Saturn and Ops
Siblings	Jupiter, Pluto, Juno, Ceres, Vesta
Consort	Salacia
Equivalents
Greek equivalent	Poseidon
Irish equivalent	Nechtan^[1]

Neptune (mythology)

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