Objectivism

Objectivist movement
Ayn Rand
Philosophy Objectivism Rational egoism Individualism Capitalism Romantic realism
Organizations Ayn Rand Institute The Atlas Society Nathaniel Branden Institute Objectivist Party Libertarianz
Theorists Ayn Rand Ayn Rand Institute Leonard Peikoff Allan Gotthelf Harry Binswanger Tara Smith Andrew Bernstein Yaron Brook John Ridpath Other David Kelley George Reisman Tibor Machan Stephen Hicks Nathaniel Branden Alan Greenspan
Literature Capitalism: The Unknown Ideal For the New Intellectual Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology The New Left Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand Philosophy: Who Needs It The Romantic Manifesto The Virtue of Selfishness Objectivist periodicals The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies The Fountainhead Atlas Shrugged
Related topics Objectivism and homosexuality Objectivism and libertarianism Objectivism's rejection of the primitive Randian hero
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Objectivism is a philosophical system named and developed by Russian-American writer and philosopher Ayn Rand. She described it as "the concept of man as a heroic being, with his own happiness as the moral purpose of his life, with productive achievement as his noblest activity, and reason as his only absolute".^[1]

Rand first expressed Objectivism in her fiction, most notably The Fountainhead (1943) and Atlas Shrugged (1957), and later in non-fiction essays and books.^[2] Leonard Peikoff, a professional philosopher and Rand's designated intellectual heir,^[3][4] later gave it a more formal structure. Peikoff characterizes Objectivism as a "closed system" insofar as its "fundamental principles" were set out by Rand and are not subject to change. However, he stated that "new implications, applications and integrations can always be discovered".^[5]

Objectivism's main tenets are that reality exists independently of consciousness, that human beings have direct contact with reality through sense perception (see direct and indirect realism), that one can attain objective knowledge from perception through the process of concept formation and inductive logic, that the proper moral purpose of one's life is the pursuit of one's own happiness (see rational egoism), that the only social system consistent with this morality is one that displays full respect for individual rights embodied in laissez-faire capitalism, and that the role of art in human life is to transform humans' metaphysical ideas by selective reproduction of reality into a physical form—a work of art—that one can comprehend and to which one can respond emotionally.

Academic philosophers have generally paid little attention to or dismissed Rand's philosophy,^[6] although a smaller number of academics do support it.^[7] Nonetheless, Objectivism has been a persistent influence among right-libertarians and American conservatives.^[8] The Objectivist movement, which Rand founded, attempts to spread her ideas to the public and in academic settings.^[9]