Recife

Recife
Municipality of Recife
Skyline of Recife with Antônio Vaz Island and the bridges of the Historic Center
Rio Branco Square
Aurora Street
Joaquim Nabuco Palace
Flag of Recife
Coat of arms of Recife
Nickname(s): 
Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian Venice), Capital of the Northeast and Mauricéia/Mauritsstad (after the Dutch colonisation)
Motto(s): 
Latin: Ut Luceat Omnibus
That it may shine on all (Matthew 5:15)
Location in the state of Pernambuco
Location in the state of Pernambuco
Recife is located in Brazil
Recife
Recife
Recife is located in South America
Recife
Recife
Coordinates: 8°3′S 34°54′W / 8.050°S 34.900°W / -8.050; -34.900
Country Brazil
RegionNortheast
StatePernambuco
FoundedMarch 12, 1537
Incorporated (as village)1709
Incorporated (as city)1823
Government
 • MayorJoão Henrique Campos (PSB)
 • Vice MayorIsabella de Roldão (PT)
Area
 • Municipality218 km2 (84.17 sq mi)
 • Metro
2,768 km2 (1,068.7 sq mi)
Elevation
10 m (33 ft)
Population
 (2020[1])
 • Municipality1,653,461 (9th)
 • Density7,133.2/km2 (18,537.9/sq mi)
 • Metro
3,743,854 (6th)
 • Metro density1,352.5/km2 (3,527/sq mi)
DemonymRecifense
GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)
 • Year2023
 • Total (Metro)$47.2 billion[2]
 • Per capita$11,300
Time zoneUTC-03:00 (BRT)
Postal code
50000-001 to 52999-999
Area code+55 81
HDI (2010)0.772 – high[3]
Websitewww.recife.pe.gov.br (in Portuguese)

Recife (Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁeˈsifi] ) is the fourth-largest urban area in Brazil with 4,054,866 inhabitants, the largest urban area of the North/Northeast Regions, and the capital and largest city of the state of Pernambuco in the northeast corner of South America. The population of the city proper was 1,653,461 in 2020.[4][5][6] Recife was founded in 1537, during the early Portuguese colonization of Brazil, as the main harbor of the Captaincy of Pernambuco, known for its large scale production of sugar cane.[7] It was the former capital Mauritsstad of the 17th century colony of New Holland of Dutch Brazil, established by the Dutch West India Company. The city is located at the confluence of the Beberibe and Capibaribe rivers before they flow into the South Atlantic Ocean. It is a major port on the Atlantic. Its name is an allusion to the stone reefs that are present by the city's shores. The many rivers, small islands and over 50 bridges found in Recife city centre characterise its geography and led to the city being called the "Brazilian Venice". As of 2010, it is the capital city with the highest HDI in Northeast Brazil and second highest HDI in the entire North and Northeast Brazil (second only to Palmas).[8]

The Metropolitan Region of Recife is the main industrial zone of the State of Pernambuco, major products are those derived from cane (sugar and ethanol), motor vehicles, ships, oil platforms, electronics, software, and others. With fiscal incentives by the government, many industrial companies were started in the 1970s and 1980s. Recife has a tradition of being the most important commercial hub of the North/Northeastern region of Brazil, with more than 52,500 business enterprises in Recife plus 32,500 in the Metro Area, totaling more than 85,000.[9]

A combination of a large supply of labor and significant private investments turned Recife into Brazil's second largest medical hub (the first being São Paulo);[10] modern hospitals with state-of-the-art equipment receive patients from several neighbouring States.[11][12]

Recife stands out as a major tourist attraction of the Northeast, both for its beaches and for its historic sites, dating back to both the Portuguese and the Dutch colonization of the region. The beach of Porto de Galinhas, 60 kilometers (37 mi) south of the city, has been repeatedly awarded the title of best beach in Brazil and has drawn many tourists. The Historic Centre of Olinda, 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) north of the city, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982, and both cities' Brazilian Carnival are among the world's most famous. According to The Herald, Recife has the biggest consumption of whisky around the world.[13]

The city is an education hub, and home to the Federal University of Pernambuco, the largest university in Pernambuco. Several Brazilian historical figures, such as the poet and abolitionist Castro Alves, moved to Recife for their studies. Recife and Natal are the only Brazilian cities with direct flights to the islands of Fernando de Noronha, a World Heritage Site.[14]

The city was one of the host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Additionally, Recife hosted the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 1950 FIFA World Cup. The city, despite having a higher crime rate than the southern region of Brazil, is considered the safest state capital in northeastern region. It has a much lower crime rate than other regional capitals, such as Salvador or São Luís. Despite that, crime rose 440% in 2015.[15]

  1. ^ IBGE 2020
  2. ^ "TelluBase—Brazil Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)" (PDF). Tellusant. Retrieved January 11, 2024.
  3. ^ "ranking idhm 2010" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2013.
  4. ^ "Mais da metade da população vive em 294 arranjos formados por contiguidade urbana e por deslocamentos para trabalho e estudo" (in Portuguese). Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Archived from the original on March 28, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  5. ^ "Arranjos Populacionais e Concentrações Urbanas do Brasil" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. p. 148. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  6. ^ "Estimativas da população residente no Brasil e Unidades da Federação com data de referência em 1º de julho de 2016" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 30, 2016. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  7. ^ "Entrevista com Laurentino Gomes: um mergulho na origem da exclusão social" (in Portuguese). Folha de Pernambuco. Archived from the original on February 28, 2019. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
  8. ^ "| Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil". Archived from the original on December 5, 2014. Retrieved November 27, 2014.
  9. ^ "Recife Municipal Profile". Archived from the original on November 21, 2008. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  10. ^ "Recife Medical Pool". Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 26, 2018.
  11. ^ "Pe-az.com.br". ww17.pe-az.com.br. Retrieved October 6, 2023.
  12. ^ "Pernambuco Daily". Archived from the original on July 15, 2011. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
  13. ^ "Saude! Why Brazilian paradise Recife is the whisky-drinking capital of the world". The Herald. December 4, 2011. Retrieved October 6, 2023.
  14. ^ "Unesco – Fernando de Noronha Islands". Archived from the original on June 7, 2009. Retrieved June 12, 2009.
  15. ^ "Recife é a capital mais segura do Nordeste | Prefeitura do Recife". Archived from the original on March 15, 2017. Retrieved March 14, 2017.

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