Shenzhen

Shenzhen
深圳市
From top, left to right: Aerial view of Futian CBD; KK100 and Shun Hing Square; Huaqiangbei; Shennan Boulevard over Huaqiangbei; the Shenzhen Bay
Map
Location of Shenzhen City jurisdiction in Guangdong
Location of Shenzhen City jurisdiction in Guangdong
Shenzhen is located in Guangdong
Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Location of the city center in Guangdong
Shenzhen is located in China
Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Shenzhen (China)
Shenzhen is located in Asia
Shenzhen
Shenzhen
Shenzhen (Asia)
Coordinates (Civic Center (市民中心)): 22°32′29″N 114°03′35″E / 22.5415°N 114.0596°E / 22.5415; 114.0596
Country China
ProvinceGuangdong
County-level divisions9
Settled331
Village1953
City23 January 1979
SEZ formed1 May 1980
Municipal seatFutian District
Government
 • TypeSub-provincial city
 • BodyShenzhen Municipal People's Congress
 • CCP SecretaryMeng Fanli
 • Congress ChairmanLuo Wenzhi
 • MayorQin Weizhong[1]
 • CPPCC ChairmanLin Jie
Area
 • Prefecture-level and sub-provincial city1,986 km2 (767 sq mi)
 • Urban
1,748 km2 (675 sq mi)
Elevation
0–943.7 m (0–3,145.7 ft)
Population
 (2020)[2]
 • Prefecture-level and sub-provincial city17,560,000
 • Density8,800/km2 (23,000/sq mi)
 • Urban
 (2021)[3]
14,678,000
 • Urban density8,400/km2 (22,000/sq mi)
 • Metro
 (2010)[4]
23,300,000
 • Major ethnicities
Han
GDP[5]
 • Prefecture-level and sub-provincial cityCN¥ 3.239 trillion
US$ 482 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 183,274
US$ 27,248
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
518000
Area code755
ISO 3166 codeCN-GD-03
Licence plate prefixes粤B
City flowerBougainvillea
City treesLychee and Mangrove[6]
Websitesz.gov.cn
Shenzhen
"Shenzhen" in Chinese characters
Chinese深圳
Hanyu PinyinShēnzhèn
Cantonese YaleSāmjan or Sàmjan
PostalShamchun
Literal meaning"Deep Drainage"

Shenzhen[a] is a city and special economic zone on the east bank of the Pearl River estuary on the central coast of the southern Chinese province of Guangdong, bordering Hong Kong to the south, Dongguan to the north, and Huizhou to the northeast. With a population of 17.56 million in 2020, Shenzhen is the third most populous city by urban population in China after Shanghai and Beijing.[9] Shenzhen is a global center in technology, research, manufacturing, business and economics, finance, tourism and transportation, and the Port of Shenzhen is the world's fourth busiest container port.[10]

Shenzhen roughly follows the administrative boundaries of Bao'an County, which was established in imperial times. The southern portion of Bao'an County became part of British Hong Kong after the Opium Wars, while the village of Shenzhen was on the border. Shenzhen railway station was the last stop on the Mainland Chinese section of the Kowloon–Canton Railway, and Shenzhen's economy grew and it became a city by 1979.

In the early 1980s, economic reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping resulted in the city becoming the first special economic zone of China due to its close proximity to Hong Kong, attracting foreign direct investment and migrants searching for opportunities. In thirty years, the city's economy and population boomed and has since emerged as a hub for technology, international trade, and finance. It is the home to the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, one of the largest stock exchanges in the world by market capitalization and the Guangdong Free-Trade Zone. Shenzhen is ranked as an Alpha- (global first-tier) city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Its nominal GDP has surpassed those of its neighboring cities of Guangzhou and Hong Kong and is now among those of the cities with the ten largest economies in the world. Shenzhen also has the eighth most competitive and largest financial center in the world, the seventh-most Fortune Global 500 headquarters of any city in the world, fifth-highest number of billionaires of any city in the world, the second largest number of skyscrapers of any city in the world, the 19th largest scientific research output of any city in the world, and several notable educational institutions, such as Shenzhen University, Southern University of Science and Technology, and Shenzhen Technology University.

The city is a leading global technology hub. In the media Shenzhen is sometimes called China's Silicon Valley.[11][12] The city's entrepreneurial, innovative, and competitive-based culture has resulted in the city being home to numerous small manufacturers and software companies. Several of these firms have become large technology corporations, such as Huawei, Tencent, and DJI. As an important international city, Shenzhen hosts numerous national and international events every year, such as the 2011 Summer Universiade and the China Hi-Tech Fair.

The residents of Shenzhen are made up of immigrants from all over China, possessing the youngest population structure in the country and an anti-discrimination urban culture.

  1. ^ "Qin Weizhong appointed". szdaily.com. Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  2. ^ 2017年深圳经济有质量稳定发展 [In 2017, Shenzhen economy will have stable quality and development] (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 23 February 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
  3. ^ Cox, W (2021). Demographia World Urban Areas. 17th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 May 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  4. ^ OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015, OECD READ edition. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 18 April 2015. p. 37. doi:10.1787/9789264230040-en. ISBN 9789264230033. ISSN 2306-9341.
  5. ^ "深圳市2022年国民经济和社会发展统计公报".
  6. ^ "Shenzhen Government Online — Overview". Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
  7. ^ Longman, J.C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3 ed.). Pearson Education ESL. ISBN 978-1405881173.
  8. ^ "Shenzhen". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021.
  9. ^ "Top 10 Chinese cities by urban resident population". investinchina.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 26 November 2022.
  10. ^ Roberts, Toby; Williams, Ian; Preston, John (2021). "The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification". Maritime Policy & Management. 48 (4): 530–542. doi:10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785. S2CID 225502755.
  11. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  12. ^ Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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