War of the Second Coalition

War of the Second Coalition
Part of the French Revolutionary Wars and the Coalition Wars
War of the second coalitionBattle of the PyramidsBattle of the NileSecond Battle of ZurichBattle of MarengoBattle of HohenlindenHaitian Revolution#Napoleon invades Haiti
War of the second coalition

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Left to right, top to bottom:
Battles of the Pyramids, the Nile, Zurich, Marengo, Hohenlinden, the Haitian Revolution
Date29 November 1798 – 25 March 1802
(3 years, 3 months, 3 weeks and 4 days)
Location
Italy, Switzerland, Southern Germany, Middle East, Mediterranean Sea, Caribbean Sea
Result

French Alliance Victory

Territorial
changes
  • Trinidad, Ceylon and Malta to Britain
  • Parma and Louisiana to France
  • Tuscany to the House of Bourbon
  • Foundation of the Septinsular Republic
  • Reichsdeputationshauptschluss
  • Belligerents

    Second Coalition:
     Holy Roman Empire (until 1801)[note 1]

     United Kingdom[2]
     Russia[3]
     Ottoman Empire[4]
     Naples (until 1801)[5]
     Portugal[6]
    Sardinia[7]

     French Republic
    Spain Spain
    French client republics:[8]

    Commanders and leaders
    Casualties and losses

    Habsburg monarchy 200,000 killed and wounded
    140,000 captured[9]

    Ottoman Empire 50,000 killed and wounded[10]
    French First Republic 75,000 killed in combat
    140,000 captured[11]
    1000km
    620miles
    Waterloo
    9
    Seventh Coalition: Belgium 1815:...Waterloo...
    France
    8
    Sixth Coalition: France 1814:...Paris...
    7
    Sixth Coalition: Germany 1813:...Leipzig...
    Austria
    6
    Fifth Coalition: Austria 1809:...Wagram...
    Prussia
    5
    Fourth Coalition: Prussia 1806:...Jena...
    Germany
    4
    Third Coalition: Germany 1803:...Austerlitz...
    Italy
    3
    Second Coalition: Italy 1799:...Marengo...
    Egypt
    2
    Second Coalition: Egypt 1798:...Pyramids...
    1
    First Coalition: France 1792:...Toulon...
    Map
    Key:
    1
    First Coalition: France 1792:...Toulon...
    2
    Second Coalition: Egypt 1798:...Pyramids...
    3
    Second Coalition: Italy 1799:...Marengo...
    4
    Third Coalition: Germany 1803:...Austerlitz...
    5
    Fourth Coalition: Prussia 1806:...Jena...
    6
    Fifth Coalition: Austria 1809:...Wagram...
    7
    Sixth Coalition: Germany 1813:...Leipzig...
    8
    Sixth Coalition: France 1814:...Paris...
    9
    Seventh Coalition: Belgium 1815:...Waterloo...

    The War of the Second Coalition (French: Guerre de la Deuxième Coalition) (1798/9 – 1801/2, depending on periodisation) was the second war targeting revolutionary France by many European monarchies, led by Britain, Austria, and Russia and including the Ottoman Empire, Portugal, Naples and various German monarchies. Prussia did not join the coalition, while Spain supported France.

    The overall goal of Britain and Russia was to contain the expansion of the French Republic and to restore the monarchy in France, while Austria —weakened and in deep financial debt from the War of the First Coalition—sought primarily to recover its position and come out of the war stronger than when it had entered.[12] In large part because of the difference in strategy among the three major allied powers, the Second Coalition failed to overthrow the revolutionary government, and French territorial gains since 1793 were confirmed.[12] In the Franco–Austrian Treaty of Lunéville in February 1801, France held all of its previous gains and obtained new lands in Tuscany in Italy. Austria was granted Venetia and the former Venetian Dalmatia. Most other allies also signed separate peace treaties with the French Republic in 1801. Britain and France signed the Treaty of Amiens in March 1802, followed by the Ottomans in June 1802, which brought an interval of peace in Europe that lasted several months until Britain declared war on France again in May 1803. The renewed hostilities culminated in the War of the Third Coalition.


    Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

    1. ^ Left the war signing the treaty of Paris (August 1801).
    2. ^ Great Britain until 1800. Left the war signing the treaty of Amiens.
    3. ^ Left the war signing the treaty of Paris.
    4. ^ Including the Mamluks and the Barbary Coast. Left the war signing the Treaty of Paris (1802) with France.
    5. ^ Left the war signing the Treaty of Florence with France.
    6. ^ Left the war signing the Treaty of Badajoz (1801) with Spain and the Treaty of Madrid (1801) with France.
    7. ^ Following the refusal to enter in alliance against the Two Sicilies, France declared war on both Naples and Piedmont-Sardinia the same day, December 6. The Piedmontese Republic was proclaimed on 10 December 1798. The Sardinian king Charles Emmanuel IV fled to Cagliari.
    8. ^ And other supporting soldiers as the Polish Legions and some Mamluks in captivity.
    9. ^ Clodfelter, M. (2008). Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492–2015 (3rd ed.). McFarland. p. 115.
    10. ^ Warfare and Armed Conflicts : A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015 (in French). p. 106..
    11. ^ Clodfelter, p. 115.
    12. ^ a b Schroeder 1987, pp. 249–250.

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