Back واشو (شيمبانزي) Arabic Washoe (šimpanz) Czech Washoe (Schimpansin) German Washoe (ĉimpanzo) Esperanto Washoe (chimpancé) Spanish Washoe Estonian Washoe Finnish Washoe (chimpanzé) French וואשו HE Ուոշո (շիմպանզե) Armenian
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| Born | September 1965 West Africa |
|---|---|
| Died | October 30, 2007 (aged 42) Ellensburg, Washington, U.S. |
| Cause of death | Complications from SAIDS |
| Known for | Use of sign language |
Washoe (c. September 1965 – October 30, 2007) was a female common chimpanzee who was the first non-human to learn to communicate using American Sign Language (ASL) as part of an animal research experiment on animal language acquisition.[1]
Washoe learned approximately 350 signs of ASL,[2] also teaching her adopted son Loulis some signs.[3][4][5] She spent most of her life at Central Washington University.
- ^ Livingston, John A. (1996). "other selves". In Vitek, William; Jackson, Wes (eds.). Rooted in the land: essays on community and place. Yale University Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-300-06961-7.
- ^ Johnson, Lawrence E. (1993). A morally deep world: an essay on moral significance and environmental ethics. Cambridge University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-521-44706-5.
- ^ Fouts, R.H.; Fouts, D.M.; Van Cantfort, T.E. (1989). Gardner, Beatrice; Allen, R.; et al. (eds.). Teaching sign language to chimpanzees. SUNY Press. pp. 281–282. ISBN 978-0-88706-965-9.
- ^ Fouts, Roger S. & Waters, Gabriel S. (2002). "Continuity, Ethology, and Stokoe: How to Build a Better Language Model". In Stokoe, William C.; Armstrong, David F.; et al. (eds.). The study of signed languages: essays in honor of William C. Stokoe. Gallaudet University Press. p. 107. ISBN 978-1-56368-123-3.
- ^ Byrne, Richard W. (1999). "Primate cognition: evidence for the ethical treatment of primates". In Dolins, Francine L. (ed.). Attitudes to animals: views in animal welfare. Cambridge University Press. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-521-47906-6.