Back Еиду Америкатәи Аштатқәа Abkhazian Amirika Syarikat ACE Америкэ Штат Зэхэтхэр ADY Verenigde State van Amerika Afrikaans USA ALS የተባበሩት ግዛቶች Amharic Amilika AMI Estaus Unius AN Geanedan Ricu America ANG अमेरिका ANP
United States Estados Unidos de America | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "In God We Trust" | |
| Anthem: "The Star-Spangled Banner" March: "The Stars and Stripes Forever" | |
Great Seal of the United States:.svg) .svg) | |
 The United States, including its territories | |
| Capital | |
| Largest city | |
| Official languages | No official language at federal level[a] |
| National language | English |
| Ethnic groups | By race:
By Hispanic or Latino origin:
18.7% Hispanic or Latino |
| Demonym(s) | American[b][6] |
| Government | Federal presidential constitutional republic |
| Joe Biden (D) | |
| Kamala Harris (D) | |
| Mike Johnson (R) | |
| John Roberts | |
| Legislature | Congress |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Independence from Great Britain | |
| July 4, 1776 | |
| March 1, 1781 | |
| September 3, 1783 | |
| June 21, 1788 | |
| September 25, 1789 | |
| August 21, 1959 (Hawaii) | |
| May 5, 1992 | |
| Area | |
• Total area | 3,796,742 sq mi (9,833,520 km2) (3rd/4th) |
• Water (%) | 6.97 |
• Total land area | 3,531,905 sq mi (9,147,590 km2) |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate |  331,002,651[3] (3rd) |
• 2010 census | 308,745,538 (3rd) |
• Density | 87/sq mi (33.6/km2) (146th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total |  $22.321 trillion[7] (2nd) |
• Per capita | $67,426[7] (11th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $22.321 trillion[7] (1st) |
• Per capita | $67,426[7] (7th) |
| Gini (2017) |  39.0[8]medium · 56th |
| HDI (2018) | 0.920[9] very high · 15th |
| Currency | United States dollar ($) (USD) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 to −12, +10, +11 |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−4 to −10 |
| Date format |
|
| Mains electricity | 120 V–60 Hz |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +1 |
| ISO 3166 code | US |
| Internet TLD | |
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S., US or the States), or simply America, is a sovereign country mostly in North America. It is divided into 50 states. Forty-eight of these states and the District of Columbia border each other between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. They are bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwestern area of the continent and is separated from the other 48 states by Canada making it an exclave. Alaska is bordered by Canada to its east and south and by Russia to its west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is a set of islands in the mid-Pacific located within Polynesia and is about 2,200 miles (3,500 kilometers) from the mainland. The country also possesses territories, and insular areas, in the Caribbean and Pacific. The capital city is Washington, D.C and the largest city by population is New York City with a population of 8.8 million people. And with a population of 331 million people, the United States is the third most populated country in the world. And with an area 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) it is the third or fourth-largest country in the world by total area.
The land that would one day become the United States was first settled by migrating tribes from Siberia that walked across a land bridge about 20,000 years ago. These people were the ancestors of the Native Americans. European colonization began in the 16th century with several European nations setting up colonies in North America.
The nation was founded on July 4, 1776, by the thirteen colonies of Great Britain along the Atlantic coast. They issued the Declaration of Independence, which announced their independence from Great Britain and their creation of a cooperative union. The disobedient colonies defeated Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, making it the first successful colonial war of independence in history.[10] The Philadelphia Convention adopted the current United States Constitution on September 17, 1787; its approval the following year made the states part of a single republic with a strong central government. The Bill of Rights, making up ten constitutional amendments guaranteeing many basic civil rights and freedoms, was approved in 1791.
In the 19th century, the United States pursued legal policy of manifest destiny where they believed that it was their god given right to expand across the North American continent. They conquered and took over native lands and bought territory from France, the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Russia, and took over the Republic of Texas and later the Republic of Hawaii.
Arguments between the farming-based South and industrial North over the growth of the institution of slavery and states' rights began the American Civil War. In 1861, the southern states separated from the union and founded their own country called the Confederate States of America after anti-slavery candidate, Abraham Lincoln won the Presidential election. The Union's victory over the Confederacy prevented a permanent split of the country and led to the end of legal slavery in the United States. By the 1870s, the national wealth was the world's largest.[11] The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the country's status as a military power. In 1945, the United States came out of World War II as a superpower and was the first country with nuclear weapons. After World War II the United States along with its allies founded the United Nations. Today the United States is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. After the end of World War II the United States and Soviet Union were engaged in an arms race called the Cold War. The United States participated in the Space Race against the Soviet Union that produced rapid advancements in rocket technology. They created the Apollo 11 rocket and it was the first to send people to the moon. It was done by NASA, an American space agency. It went up to space on July 16, 1969, carrying three astronauts: Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins. On July 20, 1969, Armstrong and Aldrin became the first humans to land on the moon, while Collins stayed in orbit around the Moon.[12] In 1991, the Soviet Union broke up, ending the Cold War and leaving the United States as the only superpower.
Today, the United States is one of the world's most ethnically mixed and multicultural nations. It is the product of large-scale immigration from many countries.[13] The U.S. economy is the largest national economy in the world, with an estimated 2020 gross domestic product (GDP) of US$ 20.9 trillion (about a quarter of worldwide GDP).[14]
- ↑ Cobarrubias 1983, p. 195.
- ↑ García 2011, p. 167.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country". United States Census. Archived from the original on October 21, 2021. Retrieved August 13, 2021.
- ↑ "Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census". United States Census. Archived from the original on August 19, 2021. Retrieved August 13, 2021.
- ↑ "A Breakdown of 2020 Census Demographic Data". NPR. August 13, 2021. Archived from the original on December 2, 2021.
- ↑ Compton's Pictured Encyclopedia and Fact-index: Ohio. 1963. p. 336. Archived from the original on 2020-06-13. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Archived from the original on April 6, 2020. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
- ↑ "Income inequality". data.oecd.org. OECD. Archived from the original on January 12, 2020. Retrieved January 8, 2020.
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2019". United Nations Development Programme. December 10, 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 31, 2020. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
- ↑ Greene, Jack P.; Pole, J.R. (2003). A Companion to the American Revolution. Maiden: Blackwell. pp. 352–361. ISBN 1405116749.
- ↑ Maddison, Angus (2006). "Historical Statistics for the World Economy". Archived from the original on December 5, 2020. Retrieved August 12, 2019.
- ↑ Cohen, Eliot A. (2004). "History and the Hyperpower". Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on July 23, 2009. Retrieved August 12, 2019.
- ↑ Adams, J.Q.; Strother-Adams, Pearlie (2001). Dealing with Diversity. Chicago: Kendall/Hunt. ISBN 078728145X.
- ↑ The European Union has a larger group economy but is not a single nation.
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