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Blended learning

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Blended learning or hybrid learning, also known as technology-mediated instruction, web-enhanced instruction, or mixed-mode instruction, is an approach to education that combines online educational materials and opportunities for interaction online with physical place-based classroom methods.

Blended learning requires the physical presence of both teacher and student, with some elements of student control over time, place, path, or pace.[1][2][3] While students still attend brick-and-mortar schools with a teacher present, face-to-face classroom practices are combined with computer-mediated activities regarding content and delivery.[4][5] It is also used in professional development and training settings.[6] Since blended learning is highly context-dependent, a universal conception of it is difficult.[7] Some reports have claimed that a lack of consensus on a hard definition of blended learning has led to difficulties in research on its effectiveness.[8] A well-cited 2013 study broadly defined blended learning as a mixture of online and in-person delivery where the online portion effectively replaces some of the face-to-face contact time rather than supplementing it.[9]

Additionally, a 2015 meta-analysis that historically looked back at a comprehensive review of evidence-based research studies around blended learning, found commonalities in defining that blended learning was "considered a combination of physical f2f [face to face] modes of instruction with online modes of learning, drawing on technology-mediated instruction, where all participants in the learning process are separated by distance some of the time."[10] This report also found that all of these evidence-based studies concluded that student achievement was higher in blended learning experiences when compared to either fully online or fully face-to-face learning experiences.[11] Whereas, "Hybrid learning is an educational model where some students attend class in-person, while others join the class virtually from home."[12] Many Universities turned to remote learning during and hybrid formats returning from the pandemic.[13]

  1. ^ "Enhancing Students' Language Skills through Blended Learning". Electronic Journal of e-Learning. 14.
  2. ^ Friesen, Norm (2012).تیتبصتبخهثبتخهسثتبخسثبخهسثتبسثبخس "Report:Defining Blended Learning"
  3. ^ "Blended Learning (Staker / Horn – May 2012)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 21, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
  4. ^ Strauss, Valerie (September 22, 2012). "Three fears about blended learning". The Washington Post.
  5. ^ "Blended course design: A synthesis of best practices". Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks. 16.
  6. ^ Lothridge, Karen; et al. (2013). "Blended learning: efficient, timely, and cost effective". Journal of Forensic Sciences. 45 (4): 407–416. doi:10.1080/00450618.2013.767375. S2CID 110935505.
  7. ^ Moskal, Patsy; Dziuban, Charles; Hartman, Jole (December 20, 2012). "Blended learning: A dangerous idea?". Internet and Higher Education. 18: 15–23. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2012.12.001.
  8. ^ Oliver M, Trigwell K (2005). "Can 'Blended Learning' Be Redeemed?". E-Learning. 2 (1): 17–26. doi:10.2304/elea.2005.2.1.17. S2CID 62214998.
  9. ^ Graham, Charles R.; Woodfield, Wendy; Harrison, J. Buckley (July 1, 2013). "A framework for institutional adoption and implementation of blended learning in higher education". The Internet and Higher Education. Blended Learning in Higher Education: Policy and Implementation Issues. 18: 4–14. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2012.09.003. ISSN 1096-7516.
  10. ^ Siemens, G., Gašević, D., & Dawson, S. (2015). Preparing for the Digital University: a review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning. Pg. 62. Athabasca University. Retrieved from http://linkresearchlab.org/PreparingDigitalUniversity.pdf
  11. ^ Siemens, G., Gašević, D., & Dawson, S. (2015). Preparing for the Digital University: a review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning. Pg. 71. Athabasca University. Retrieved from http://linkresearchlab.org/PreparingDigitalUniversity.pdf
  12. ^ LABS, OWL. "What Is Hybrid Learning? Here's Everything You Need to Know". OWL LABS. Retrieved November 22, 2023.
  13. ^ Bardsley, Daniel (July 16, 2021). "UAE universities say hybrid learning here to stay". The National.
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