Portuguese language

Portuguese
português
Pronunciation[puɾtuˈɣeʃ], [poʁtuˈɡe(j)s]
Native toPortugal, Brazil, Lusophone Africa, and other locations in the Lusosphere
SpeakersNative: 230 million (2012–2020)[1]
L2: 25 million (2018–2020)[1]
Total: 260 million[1]
Early forms
Manually coded Portuguese
Official status
Official language in
Recognised minority
language in
Regulated by[citation needed]
Language codes
ISO 639-1pt
ISO 639-2por
ISO 639-3por
Glottologport1283
Linguasphere51-AAA-a
  Portuguese speaking countries
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Portuguese (endonym: português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Western Romance language of the Indo-European language family, originating in the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. It is the official language of Portugal, Brazil, Cape Verde, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau and São Tomé and Príncipe,[6] while having co-official language status in East Timor, Equatorial Guinea, and Macau. Portuguese-speaking people or nations are "Lusophones" (lusófonos). As the result of expansion during colonial times, a cultural presence of Portuguese speakers is also found around the world. Portuguese is part of the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia and the County of Portugal, and has kept some Celtic phonology.[7][8]

With approximately 230 million native speakers and 25–30 million second language speakers, Portuguese has approximately 250 million total speakers. It is usually listed as the fifth-most spoken native language,[citation needed] the third-most spoken European language in the world in terms of native speakers[9] and the second-most spoken Romance language in the world, surpassed only by Spanish. Being the second most widely spoken language in South America[10] and the most-spoken language in the Southern Hemisphere,[11][12][13] it is also the second-most spoken language, after Spanish, in Latin America, one of the 10 most spoken languages in Africa,[14] and an official language of the European Union, Mercosul, the Organization of American States, the Economic Community of West African States, the African Union, and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, an international organization made up of all of the world's officially Lusophone nations. In 1997, a comprehensive academic study ranked Portuguese as one of the 10 most influential languages in the world.[15][16]

  1. ^ a b c Portuguese at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. ^ "Continúan los actos del Día de la Lengua Portuguesa y la Cultura Lusófona" [Acts continue to mark Portuguese Language and Portuguese Culture Day]. Government of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea. 10 May 2016.
  3. ^ Gutiérrez Bottaro, Silvia Etel (2014). "El portugués uruguayo y las marcas de la oralidad en la poesía del escritor uruguayo Agustín R. Bisio" [Uruguayan Portuguese and oral marks in the poetry of Uruguayan writer Agustín R. Bisio] (PDF). Abehache (in Spanish). 4 (6). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2019. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  4. ^ "Historia lingüística del Uruguay". historiadelaslenguasenuruguay.edu.uy. Archived from the original on 5 April 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  5. ^ Fernández Aguerre, Tabaré; González Bruzzese, Mahira; Rodriguez Ingold, Cecilia (2017). Algunas notas teórico metodológicas sobre la relación entre regiones y aprendizajes en Uruguay [Some theoretical methodological notes on the relationship between regions and learning in Uruguay]. XVI Jornadas de Investigación : la excepcionalidad uruguaya en debate: ¿como el Uruguay no hay? (in Spanish). pp. 11–15. hdl:20.500.12008/10776.
  6. ^ "Estados-membros" [Member States]. Community of Portuguese Language Countries (in Portuguese). 7 February 2017.
  7. ^ "The Origin and Formation of The Portuguese Language". Judeo-Lusitanica. Duke University. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  8. ^ Bittencourt de Oliveira, João. "Breves considerações sobre o legado das línguas célticas". filologia.org.br.
  9. ^ "CIA World Factbook". Retrieved 12 June 2015.
  10. ^ "The Different Languages of South America". Latino Bridge. 7 November 2022. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
  11. ^ "Potencial Económico da Língua Portuguesa" (PDF). University of Coimbra.
  12. ^ "World Portuguese Language Day". UNESCO.
  13. ^ "20 Most Spoken Languages in the World in 2023". Berlitz Corporation.
  14. ^ "Top 11 Most Spoken Languages in Africa". 18 October 2017.
  15. ^ "The World's 10 most influential languages", George Weber, 1997, Language Today "...includes besides many other languages, Bengali, English, French, German, Hindi/Urdu, Italian, Marathi, Panjabi, Persian, Brazilian (Portuguese), Russian, the Scandinavian languages, and Spanish." "Portuguese today means above all Brazilian."
  16. ^ Bernard Comrie, Encarta Encyclopedia (1998); George Weber, "Top Languages: The World's 10 Most Influential Languages", Language Today (Vol. 2, December 1997). Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-09-28.

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