Back عمل مجرد وعمل ملموس Arabic Абстрактен труд Bulgarian Treball abstracte Catalan Abstrakte Arbeit German Trabajo abstracto Spanish کار انتزاعی و کار انضمامی Persian ਅਮੂਰਤ ਕਿਰਤ ਅਤੇ ਸਮੂਰਤ ਕਿਰਤ Punjabi Abstrakt arbete Swedish Abstrakt mehnat Uzbek Lao động cụ thể và lao động trừu tượng Vietnamese
Abstract labour and concrete labour refer to a distinction made by Karl Marx in his critique of political economy. It refers to the difference between human labour in general as economically valuable worktime versus human labour as a particular activity that has a specific useful effect. As discussed in this article, according to Marx abstract labour is a concept that was known and used already in ancient society, but it evolved across time, and is fully developed only in the market relations of industrial capitalism.