Back Антигуеи Барбудеи Abkhazian Antigua ngon Barbuda ACE Antigua en Barbuda Afrikaans Antigua und Barbuda ALS አንቲጋ እና ባርቡዳ Amharic Antika ato Paputa AMI Antigua y Barbuda AN Antigua and Barbuda ANG एन्टीगुआ आरो बारबुडा ANP أنتيغوا وباربودا Arabic
Antigua and Barbuda | |
|---|---|
| Motto: "Each Endeavouring, All Achieving" | |
| Anthem: "Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee"[a] | |
 | |
| Capital and largest city | St. John's 17°7′N 61°51′W / 17.117°N 61.850°W |
| Vernacular language | Antiguan and Barbudan Creole |
| Working language | English[b] |
| Ethnic groups (2011[2]) |
|
| Religion (2020[3]) |
|
| Demonym(s) | Antiguan and Barbudan |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
| Sir Rodney Williams | |
| Gaston Browne | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| House of Representatives | |
| Formation | |
• Union | 1 August 1860 |
• Redonda | 26 March 1872 |
| 27 February 1967 | |
| 1 November 1981 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 440 km2 (170 sq mi) (182nd) |
• Water (%) | negligible |
| Population | |
• 2022 estimate |  100,772[4] (182nd) |
• 2011 census | 84,816 |
• Density | 186/km2 (481.7/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total |  $2.6 billion (196th) |
• Per capita | $25,449[5] (59th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $1.95 billion (193rd) |
• Per capita | $19,068[5] (49th) |
| HDI (2022) | 0.826[6] very high (54th) |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Drives on | left |
| Calling code | +1-268 |
| ISO 3166 code | AG |
| Internet TLD | .ag |
Antigua and Barbuda[c] is a sovereign archipelagic country composed of Antigua, Barbuda, and numerous other small islands. Antigua and Barbuda has a total area of 440 km2 (170 sq mi), making it one of the smallest countries in the Caribbean. The country is mostly flat, with the highest points on Antigua being in the Shekerley Mountains and on Barbuda the Highlands. The country has a tropical savanna climate, with pockets of tropical monsoon in Antigua's southwest. Its largest city is St. John's.
Hunter-gatherers settled the islands starting around 3,000 BC, likely arriving on canoes from Central and South America. They were followed by the Arawaks of Venezuela during the Ceramic Period. In 1493, Christopher Columbus surveyed the island of Antigua, which resulted in an attempt at Spanish settlement in 1520. Antigua remained uncolonised until 1632 when Edward Warner and his small party created the first successful British colony. Barbuda was under the control of the Codrington family until the 1860s. Antiguan independence was first proposed by Prince Klaas in 1728, who attempted to make the island an independent kingdom. After emancipation in 1834, Antigua's autonomy slowly increased, while Barbuda was slowly integrated into Antigua. The first democratic elections were held in 1951, and by 1981, Antigua and Barbuda was independent. From 1960 until 2004, the Bird family dominated the archipelago's politics with only one interruption, which ended with the election of Baldwin Spencer to the premiership.
Since 2014, the Labour Party has dominated national politics. Antigua and Barbuda is a member of the Commonwealth and a Commonwealth realm, being a constitutional monarchy with Charles III as its head of state. Barbuda has been governed by the Barbuda Council since 1976, the country being a unitary state. Antigua is also divided into six parishes. Antigua and Barbuda has a proportionally high foreign-born population, in addition to having the second highest Human Development Index in the Caribbean. Compared to neighboring countries, Antigua and Barbuda ranks highly in most economic indicators, although it ranks about average in political freedoms.
Antigua and Barbuda is a high-income country. It is a member of the United Nations, the OECS, the Regional Security System, CARICOM, and the World Trade Organisation. Antigua and Barbuda is one of the only countries in the Caribbean to maintain an air force, and has a significant aviation industry in conjunction with its tourism-based economy.
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- ^ "Government of Antigua and Barbuda". Archived from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
- ^ "ECLAC/CELADE Redatam+SP 03/21/2022" (PDF). redatam.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
- ^ "National Profiles".
- ^ "Population projections by age group, annual 1991 to 2026". Statistics Division, Ministry of Finance and Corporate Governance of Antigua and Barbuda. Archived from the original on 27 June 2022.
- ^ a b "World Economic Outlook October 2023 (Antigua and Barbuda)". International Monetary Fund. October 2023. Retrieved 13 December 2023.
- ^ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. pp. 274–277. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
- ^ Horsford, Ian. "An Assessment of Income Inequality and Poverty in Antigua and Barbuda in 2007". Archived from the original on 18 April 2022. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
- ^ "Comparison of Poverty measurement indicators" (PDF). Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA). 2006. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
- ^ "How to pronounce Antigua and Barbuda in English". Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2025.
- ^ Wells, J. C. (John Christopher) (2000). Longman pronunciation dictionary. Internet Archive. Harlow [England] : Pearson Education Ltd. ISBN 978-0-582-36467-7.