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| Chakma | |
|---|---|
| Changhma | |
| 𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦 𑄞𑄌𑄴 (Changhma Bhach) | |
_in_Chakma_Script.svg){kind=small} 'Changhma Bhach' in Chakma script | |
| Pronunciation | [tɕaŋma batɕʰ] |
| Native to | |
| Region | |
| Ethnicity | Chakma, Daingnet |
Native speakers | L1: 0.8 million (2011-2022)[1] [2] |
Early forms | Proto-Chakma
|
| Dialects | |
| [2] | |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  India (CADC) |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ccp |
| Glottolog | chak1266 |
| IETF | ccp |
 | |
| Chakma topics |
|---|
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Chakma (/ˈtʃɑːkmə/; autonym: 𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦 𑄞𑄌𑄴) is an east Indic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers are known as the Chakma or the Daingnet people. It has nearly 1 million speakers, with 60% residing in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) in Bangladesh and 35% spread across Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Mizoram and Tripura in India. The remaining 5% live in Myanmar. The language has it own script, the Chakma script or the ajhapat (𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦 𑄃𑄧𑄏𑄛𑄖𑄴), which is an abugida similar other South-east Asian scripts. It is mutually intelligible with the Chittagonian language.
Similarities of the Chakma language with Sanskrit, Maghadi Prakrit and with Pali is visible referring it to be a classical language. This suggests that the Chakmas have been present in the Indian subcontinent since ancient times. Cultural exchanges with neighboring communities have led to the adoption of Indo-Aryan and Arakanese terms. Studies suggest that the language may have originally been a Tibeto-Burman language before transitioning into an Indic language. However, there are abundant of vocabularies used in the Chakma language that do belong neither to Indo-Aryan nor Tibeto-Burman linguistic group, likely originating from their ancestral language. Historically, a Mongoloid group that settled in the Himalayan foothills spoke a Tibetan-related language but gradually incorporated Aryan vocabulary.[3][4]
- ^ "Table A-1.4 Ethnic Population by Group and Sex" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. 2021. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
- ^ a b Chakma language at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ Chakma, Jyotirmoy (April–July 2010). "Origin and Evolution of Chakma Language and Script" (PDF). Kriti Rakshana. National Mission for Manuscripts.
- ^ Ganguly, Siddhartha; Talukdar, Sakya Prasad (1996). A Linguistic Description of Chakma Language (PDF). Pan-Asiatic linguistics : proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Languages and Linguistics, January 8-10, 1996. Thailand: Institute of Language and Culture for Rural Development, Mahidol. OCLC 35320776.
