Chaplain

The Reverend Manasseh Cutler, American Revolutionary War chaplain who served in George Washington's Continental Army and co-founded Ohio University

A chaplain is, traditionally, a cleric (such as a minister, priest, pastor, rabbi, purohit, or imam), or a lay representative of a religious tradition, attached to a secular institution (such as a hospital, prison, military unit, intelligence agency, embassy, school, labor union, business, police department, fire department, university, sports club), or a private chapel. The term chaplaincy refers to the chapel, facility or department in which one or more chaplains carry out their role.

Though the term chaplain originally referred to representatives of the Christian faith,[1][2][need quotation to verify] it is now also applied to people of other religions or philosophical traditions, as in the case of chaplains serving with military forces and an increasing number of chaplaincies at U.S. universities.[3] In recent times,[when?] many lay people have received professional training in chaplaincy and are now appointed as chaplains in schools, hospitals, companies, universities, prisons and elsewhere to work alongside, or instead of, official members of the clergy.[4] The concepts of a multi-faith team, secular, generic or humanist chaplaincy are also gaining increasing use, particularly within healthcare and educational settings.[5]

In the Catholic tradition, a chaplain is also a traditional name for the auxiliary priest (priest assistent/cooperator) which is assigned to any parish and subordinate to its parson. This position is now officially called parochial vicar or assistent priest (some dioceses use officialy the term chaplain). Side buildings of some parish houses (rectories) are traditionally called chaplain houses. This historic term originated from the fact that the chaplain was usually assigned to some filial church or any chapel. Until 1983, Codex Iuris Canonici from 1917 (canons 471–476) distinguished 5 types of parochial vicars: vicarius actualis, vicarius oeconomus, vicarius substitutus, vicarius adiutor, and vicarius cooperator (who is traditionally called a chaplain). Since 1983, CIC doesn't distinguish such subtypes. The parochial vicar can take charge of some part of the parish, or some groups of parishioners (youth, students, seniors, elderly etc.), or some specific tasks.

  1. ^ Compare: Morgan, Hugh H. "The Etymology of the Word Chaplain". International Pentecostal Holiness Church Ministries. Archived from the original on September 5, 2008. Retrieved April 3, 2021. The cappellanus (chaplain) was a member of one institution – a priest of the church serving in another institution – the king's army.
  2. ^ Legood, Giles (1999). Chaplaincy: the church's sector ministries. London: Cassell. ISBN 978-0304702954.
  3. ^ "Humanist Chaplaincies". humanistchaplaincies.org.
  4. ^ Norman, J. (2004). At The Heart of Education: School Chaplaincy and Pastoral Care. Dublin: Veritas.
  5. ^ "Multi-Faith [Spaces]". University of Manchester. March 2012. Archived from the original on October 15, 2012.

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